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Rubus armeniacus, the Himalayan blackberry [2] or Armenian blackberry, is a species of Rubus in the blackberry group Rubus subgenus Rubus series Discolores (P.J. Müll.) Focke. It is native to Armenia and northern Iran , and widely invasive elsewhere.
Rubus vestitus is a European species of brambles in the rose family, called European blackberry [2] in the United States. It is native to Europe and naturalized along the northern Pacific Coast of the United States and Canada ( British Columbia , Washington , Oregon ).
Rubus ursinus is a wide, mounding shrub or vine, growing to 0.61–1.52 metres (2–5 feet) high, and more than 1.8 m (6 ft) wide. [3] The prickly branches can take root if they touch soil, thus enabling the plant to spread vegetatively and form larger clonal colonies.
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Second-year plants develop racemes of flowers each containing 5–20 flowers. [4] The flowers are typically 5-merous with large, white petals and light green sepals, borne in mid-spring. [5] Second-year plants are also capable of growing the fruit which gives the plant's common name, the blackberry. The fruits are compound drupes which change ...
Rubus pensilvanicus, known commonly as Pennsylvania blackberry, is a prickly bramble native to eastern and central North America from Newfoundland south to Georgia, west as far as Ontario, Minnesota, Nebraska, Missouri, and Arkansas. The species is also established as a naturalized plant in California. [2] [3]
Plants reach maturity and produce fruit after the first year extending through the rest of the plant's life which can be 12 to 20 years. [ 4 ] The plant grows best at temperatures between 12 and 19 °C, with relative humidity of 80 to 90%, high sunshine and well distributed rainfall between 800 and 2,500 mm a year.
The plants are summer tipped by hand, mechanically pruned in winter and then machine harvested. The yields are generally low per acre and this is why the fruits are often expensive. The species has been used in the breeding of many Rubus hybrids ; those between red and black raspberries are common under the name purple raspberries; 'Brandywine ...