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The new CRD IV package entered into force on 17 July 2013: this updated CRD simply transposes into EU law the latest global standards on bank capital adequacy commonly known as Basel III, which builds on and expands the existing Basel II regulatory base. CRD IV commonly refers to both the EU Directive 2013/36/EU and the EU Regulation 575/2013. [1]
With the Credit Institutions Directive 2013 the Capital Requirements Regulation 2013 (CRR 2013) reflects Basel III rules on capital measurement and capital standards. Previous rules were found in the Capital Requirements Directives (2006/48 and 2006/49). Together the new rules are sometimes referred to in the media as the “CRD IV” package.
The main change was the adoption of Basel II guidelines into the directive. [1] In 2009, 2010, and 2013, three further revisions were issued known as CRD II, CRD III, and CRD IV. The legislation on this matter current as of 2016 is known as the CRD IV package (Capital Requirements Regulation and Directive).
The implementing act of the Basel III agreements in the European Union was Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD IV) and Regulation (EU) No. 575/2013 on prudential requirements for credit institutions and investment firms (CRR), which was approved in 2013 and replaced the Capital Requirements Directives (2006/48 and 2006/49). [45] [46] [47]
European financial economics experts – notably the World Pensions Council (WPC) have argued that European powers such as France and Germany pushed dogmatically and naively for the adoption of the "Basel II recommendations", adopted in 2005, transposed in European Union law through the Capital Requirements Directive (CRD).
A key part of bank regulation is to make sure that firms operating in the industry are prudently managed. The aim is to protect the firms themselves, their customers, the government (which is liable for the cost of deposit insurance in the event of a bank failure) and the economy, by establishing rules to make sure that these institutions hold enough capital to ensure continuation of a safe ...
The Credit Institutions Directive (CID) 2013/36/EU is an EU law that aims to ensure banks are run prudently, and do not go insolvent.The CID was introduced as part of a package rules, following the financial crisis of 2007–2008, with the Capital Requirements Regulation 2013, intended to increase the resilience of the EU banking industry.
The main aim of the Directive is to create a genuine internal market in Services. As the directive intends to harmonise rules, the main idea is to eliminate regulation that hampers trade and directive investment in services. The Services Directive introduces the principle of "country of origin" for the provision of services in the EU, meaning ...