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Thyroid disease is a medical condition that affects the function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the front of the neck and produces thyroid hormones [ 1 ] that travel through the blood to help regulate many other organs, meaning that it is an endocrine organ .
The Endocrine Society recommends screening in pregnant women who are considered high-risk for thyroid autoimmune disease. [130] Universal screening for thyroid diseases during pregnancy is controversial, however, one study "supports the potential benefit of universal screening". [131]
However, for a chronic illness like Hashimoto’s disease, long-term treatment may be required. Hypothyroidism is treated with a thyroid replacement medication called levothyroxine, says Jaggi.
American guidelines recommend that treatment should be considered in people with symptoms of hypothyroidism, detectable antibodies against thyroid peroxidase, a history of heart disease, or are at an increased risk for heart disease if the TSH is elevated but below 10 mIU/L. [8] American guidelines further recommend universal treatment ...
Thyroiditis is generally caused by an immune system attack on the thyroid, resulting in inflammation and damage to the thyroid cells. This disease is often considered a malfunction of the immune system and can be associated with IgG4-related systemic disease, in which symptoms of autoimmune pancreatitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis and noninfectious aortitis also occur.
Graves' disease, also known as toxic diffuse goiter or Basedow’s disease, is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid. [1] It frequently results in and is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. [5] It also often results in an enlarged thyroid. [1]
An association between thyroid disease and myasthenia gravis has been recognized. Thyroid disease, in this condition, is autoimmune in nature and approximately 5% of people with myasthenia gravis also have hyperthyroidism. Myasthenia gravis rarely improves after thyroid treatment and the relationship between the two entities is becoming better ...
[vague] [13] [14] Individuals are at higher risk of thyroid storm if their hyperthyroidism is incompletely treated or if their anti-thyroid drugs are discontinued. Many of these individuals have underlying primary causes of hyperthyroidism ( Graves' disease , toxic multi-nodular goiter , solitary toxic adenoma , or amiodarone ).