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In botany, drought tolerance is the ability by which a plant maintains its biomass production during arid or drought conditions. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Some plants are naturally adapted to dry conditions , surviving with protection mechanisms such as desiccation tolerance , detoxification , or repair of xylem embolism. [ 3 ]
Besides biotic stresses, cowpea also faces various challenges in different parts of the world such as drought, heat, and cold. [60] Drought lowers the growth rate and development, ultimately reducing yield, although cowpea is considered more drought tolerant than most other crops. [61]
Drought is a recurring feature of the climate in most parts of the world, becoming more extreme and less predictable due to climate change, which dendrochronological studies date back to 1900. There are three kinds of drought effects, environmental, economic and social.
Heat tolerance may be displayed alongside cold-hardiness, such as in the American Horticultural Society's "Heat Zones". See Thermoregulation § In plants and Breeding for heat stress tolerance . For drought tolerance , see Drought § Impact on crops and Breeding for drought stress tolerance .
The economic pillar discovers ways in which sustainable agriculture can be practiced while fostering economic growth and stability, with minimal disruptions to livelihoods. [92] All three pillars must be addressed to determine and overcome the barriers preventing sustainable agricultural practices.
It is drought-tolerant and deer-resistant. [2] The cultivar 'Walker's Low' was named Perennial of the Year for 2007 by the Perennial Plant Association. [6] [7] Nepeta racemosa (raceme catnip) – commonly used in landscaping. [6] It is hardy, rated for USDA hardiness zone 5b. [8]
Since it is attractive and drought-tolerant, rosemary is used as an ornamental plant in gardens and for xeriscape landscaping, especially in regions of Mediterranean climate. [5] It is considered easy to grow and pest-resistant.
whereas high WUE plants could correspond to a drought avoidance/water saving strategy, through drought-sensitive, early closing stomata. Increases in water-use efficiency are commonly cited as a response mechanism of plants to moderate to severe soil water deficits and have been the focus of many programs that seek to increase crop tolerance to ...