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Beeldenstorm (pronounced [ˈbeːldə(n)ˌstɔr(ə)m]) in Dutch and Bildersturm [ˈbɪldɐˌʃtʊʁm] in German (roughly translatable from both languages as 'attack on the images or statues') are terms used for outbreaks of destruction of religious images that occurred in Europe in the 16th century, known in English as the Great Iconoclasm or ...
Iconoclasm (from Greek: εἰκών, eikṓn, 'figure, icon' + κλάω, kláō, 'to break') [i] is the social belief in the importance of the destruction of icons and other images or monuments, most frequently for religious or political reasons.
The First Iconoclasm, [1] as it is sometimes called, occurred between about 726 and 787, while the Second Iconoclasm occurred between 814 and 842. [2] According to the traditional view, Byzantine Iconoclasm was started by a ban on religious images promulgated by the Byzantine Emperor Leo III the Isaurian , [ 3 ] and continued under his ...
The Council of Hieria was a Christian council of 754 which viewed itself as ecumenical, but was later rejected by the Second Council of Nicaea (787) and by Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches, since four of the five major patriarchs refused to participate.
Michael Lachanodrakon (Greek: Μιχαήλ Λαχανοδράκων; died 20 July 792) was a Byzantine general and fanatical supporter of the policy of iconoclasm under Emperor Constantine V (r. 741–775).
[1] [2] Under the later coming threat of Islamic conquest, the Triumph of Orthodoxy on the first Sunday of Great Lent was created to be a reminder of perseverance that led to the end of the Byzantine Iconoclasm. [2] The celebration was created to reassure the people that Muslim conquest would not happen and that the Byzantine Empire would ...
The optical microscope, also referred to as a light microscope, is a type of microscope that commonly uses visible light and a system of lenses to generate magnified images of small objects. Optical microscopes are the oldest design of microscope and were possibly invented in their present compound form in the 17th century.
1665 – Robert Hooke, using a microscope, observes cells. 1672 – Isaac Newton publishes the results of his Prism experiments, demonstrating the existence in white light of a mixture of distinct coloured rays. 1676 – Ole Rømer measures the speed of light for the first time.