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Corn starch mixed in water. Cornflour, cornstarch, maize starch, or corn starch (American English) is the starch derived from corn grain. [2] The starch is obtained from the endosperm of the kernel. Corn starch is a common food ingredient, often used to thicken sauces or soups, and to make corn syrup and other sugars. [3]
The endosperm goes through screenings to separate starch and proteins from the corn fiber or bran. The remaining starch and proteins are centrifuged to separate the starch from the corn gluten meal. [2] Corn gluten meal as commonly produced contains "71.4% crude protein, 4.1% fat, 0.8% fiber, 1.2% ash, 12.4% starch, 10.1% other carbohydrates".
Maize and sorghum prolamins are sorted by molecular weight into four classes, α, β, γ and δ. Alpha- and delta- prolamins cluster in a broad phylogenetic group (Group 1). The rest cluster into Group 2. Group 1 is widely duplicated in the two plants. [2] A database of Triticeae prolamins (glutens) is available. [3]
Waxy maize starch is a major starch component in adhesives used for making bottle labels. This waxy starch-based adhesive imparts resolubilizing resistance to the labels which prevents their soaking off the bottle if immersed in water or being subjected to very high humidity conditions. waxy maize starches are commonly used in the US for the ...
Maltodextrin can be enzymatically derived from any starch, such as corn, potato, rice or cassava. [1] [4] [5] In the United States, this starch is usually corn; in Europe, it is common to use wheat. A food starch is boiled. The resulting paste is treated with a combination of acid and enzymes to produce maltodextrins. [6]
Maize and cornmeal (ground dried maize) constitute a staple food in many regions of the world. [6] Maize is used to produce the food ingredient cornstarch. [98] Maize starch can be hydrolyzed and enzymatically treated to produce high fructose corn syrup, a sweetener. [99] Maize may be fermented and distilled to produce Bourbon whiskey. [100]
Baking coagulates the gluten, which, along with starch, stabilizes the shape of the final product. Gluten content has been implicated as a factor in the staling of bread, possibly because it binds water through hydration. [16] [17] Cross-section of a baguette showing a strong gluten network. The formation of gluten affects the texture of the ...
Glucose syrup on a black surface. Glucose syrup, also known as confectioner's glucose, is a syrup made from the hydrolysis of starch. Glucose is a sugar. Maize (corn) is commonly used as the source of the starch in the US, in which case the syrup is called "corn syrup", but glucose syrup is also made from potatoes and wheat, and less often from barley, rice and cassava.