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This is a list of commands from the GNU Core Utilities for Unix environments. These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems. GNU Core Utilities include basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities. Coreutils includes all of the basic command-line tools that are expected in a POSIX system.
This command was also available as a NetWare-Command residing in the public-directory of the fileserver. It also outputs the current connections to which server the workstation is attached with which username.
After authentication, and if the configuration file permits the user access, the system invokes the requested command. sudo retains the user's invocation rights through a grace period (typically 5 minutes) per pseudo terminal, allowing the user to execute several successive commands as the requested user without having to provide a password again.
In Unix and Linux, the shutdown command can be used to turn off or reboot a computer. Only the superuser or a user with special privileges can shut the system down. One commonly issued form of this command is shutdown -h now, which will shut down a system immediately. Another one is shutdown -r now to reboot.
The Single UNIX Specification (SUS) specifies that who should list information about accessible users. The XSI extension also specifies that the data of the username, terminal, login time, process ID, and time since last activity occurred on the terminal, furthermore, an alternate system database used for user information can be specified as an optional argument to who.
The magic SysRq key is a key combination understood by the Linux kernel, which allows the user to perform various low-level commands regardless of the system's state. It is often used to recover from freezes , or to reboot a computer without corrupting the filesystem . [ 1 ]
If you can't sign in because you've forgotten your username, you can use the recovery phone number or the recovery email address linked to your account to recover it. 1. Go to the Sign-in Helper. 2. Enter your recovery phone number or email address that you have access to. 3. Click Continue. 4. Click Yes, send me a verification code.
The reason is that processes owned by the same user have the ability to send signals to each other and use debugging facilities to read or even modify each other's memory. Modern practice, as recommended by the Linux Standard Base , is to create a separate user account for each daemon.