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Isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) is a molecular biology reagent. This compound is a molecular mimic of allolactose , a lactose metabolite that triggers transcription of the lac operon , and it is therefore used to induce protein expression where the gene is under the control of the lac operator .
IPTG is a reagent which mimics the structure of allolactose, and can therefore bind to the lac repressor and prevent it from inhibiting gene expression. Once enough IPTG is added, the T7 gene is normally transcribed and so transcription of the gene of interest downstream of the T7 promoter also begins. [6]
IPTG, a molecule similar to lactose, but with a sulfur bond that is not hydrolyzable so that E. coli does not digest it, is used to activate or "induce" the production of the new protein. Once the cells are induced, it is difficult to remove IPTG from the cells and therefore it is difficult to stop expression.
Its production may be induced by a non-hydrolyzable analog of allolactose, IPTG, which binds and releases the lac repressor from the lac operator, thereby allowing the initiation of transcription to proceed. It is commonly used in molecular biology as a reporter marker to monitor gene expression.
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The L-arabinose operon, also called the ara or araBAD operon, is an operon required for the breakdown of the five-carbon sugar L-arabinose in Escherichia coli. [1] The L-arabinose operon contains three structural genes: araB, araA, araD (collectively known as araBAD), which encode for three metabolic enzymes that are required for the metabolism of L-arabinose. [2]
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