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Along with the soleus muscle, the gastrocnemius forms half of the calf muscle. Its function is plantar flexing the foot at the ankle joint and flexing the leg at the knee joint. The gastrocnemius is primarily involved in running, jumping and other "fast" movements of leg, and to a lesser degree in walking and standing.
The soleus exhibits significant morphological differences across species. It is unipennate in many species. In some animals, such as the rabbit, it is fused for much of its length with the gastrocnemius muscle. The soleus is a complex, multi-pennate muscle in humans, normally having a separate (posterior) aponeurosis from the gastrocnemius ...
The superficial portion (the gastrocnemius) gives off two heads attaching to the base of the femur directly above the knee. The deep (profundus) mass of muscle (the soleus) forms the remaining head which attaches to the superior posterior area of the tibia. The triceps surae is innervated by the tibial nerve, specifically, nerve roots L5–S2.
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soleus: Lower Limb, Leg, Calf fibula, medial border of tibia (soleal line) tendo calcaneus: sural arteries: tibial nerve, specifically, nerve roots L 5 –S 2: plantarflexes ankle: tibialis anterior: 2 1 plantaris: Lower Limb, Leg, Posterior compartment, Superficial lateral supracondylar ridge of femur above lateral head of gastrocnemius
The achilles tendon, tendo calcaneus attaches distally to the calcaneual tuberosity, and arises superiorly from the triceps surae complex of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Achilles tendon at foetus. The Achilles tendon connects muscle to bone, like other tendons, and is located at the back of the lower leg.
Maintaining the length of the tendo-Achilles, also referred to as the gastrocnemius-soleus complex, is extremely important for walking. Knee ankle foot orthoses (KAFOs) are also used for walking or for standing and can be used to prolong ambulation or help delay the onset of lower limb contractures. [ 2 ]
Weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantarflexing ankle Soleus: Posterior aspect of head and superior quarter of posterior surface of fibula; soleal line and middle third of medial border of tibia; and tendinous arch extending between the bony attachments: Plantarflexes ankle independent of position of knee; steadies leg on foot