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Cotton production in Egypt was insignificant before the 1800s, but production increased drastically in the years preceding the beginning of the 20th century. The increase was influenced by historical events such as the American Civil War, which disrupted the supply of cotton from the United States.
The history of cotton can be traced from its domestication, through the important role it played in the history of India, the British Empire, and the United States, to its continuing importance as a crop and commodity. The history of the domestication of cotton is very complex and is not known exactly. [1]
Cotton production used 2.1 million acres for cultivation after the Second World War and by the 1980s represented the second largest export in Egypt, after crude oil. [5] Cotton production in Egypt nevertheless declined after its post-WWII peak as arable land was converted to cereal or clover production, and previous importers including India ...
The name "Egyptian cotton" is broadly associated high quality cottons and is often an LS or (less often) an ELS cotton. [97] Nowadays the name "Egyptian cotton" refers more to the way cotton is treated and threads produced rather than the location where it is grown. The American cotton variety Pima cotton is often compared to Egyptian cotton ...
Change in per capita GDP of Egypt, 1820–2018. Figures are inflation-adjusted to 2011 International dollars. From the 1850s until the 1930s, Egypt's economy was heavily reliant on long-staple cotton, introduced in the mid-1820s during the reign of Muhammad Ali (1805–49) and made possible by the switch from basin irrigation to perennial, modern irrigation. [24]
The cotton textile industry was responsible for a large part of India's international trade. [78] India had a 25% share of the global textile trade in the early 18th century. [79] Indian cotton textiles were the most important manufactured goods in world trade in the 18th century, consumed across the world from the Americas to Japan. [76]
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500s – Handheld roller cotton gins invented in the Indian subcontinent. [18]500-1000 – Spinning wheel invented in the Indian subcontinent. [19]1000s – Finely decorated examples of cotton socks made by true knitting using continuous thread appear in Egypt.