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Brain damage may be caused by a number of factors, including fetal malformation due to genetic mutation or exposure to toxins, intrauterine hypoxia, or physical trauma during delivery. [12] Cerebral palsy is one example of brain damage incurred before or during delivery; about 10,000 children are diagnosed with cerebral palsy every year. [13]
Common symptoms include rash, microcephaly (small head), low birth weight, jaundice, thrombocytopenia, seizures and retinitis. Long-term complications of congenital CMV infections may include sensorineural hearing loss, developmental delay, and seizures. Due to high prevalence of disease, CMV is not routinely screened in pregnant patients. [16]
Other causes of fever following delivery include breast engorgement, urinary tract infections, infections of an abdominal incision or an episiotomy, and atelectasis. [1] [2] Due to the risks following caesarean section, it is recommended that all women receive a preventive dose of antibiotics such as ampicillin around the time of surgery. [1]
The main theories of meconium passage into amniotic fluid are caused by fetal maturity or from foetal stress as a result of hypoxia or infection. [3] Other factors that promote the passage of meconium in utero include placental insufficiency, maternal hypertension, pre-eclampsia and maternal drug use of tobacco and cocaine. [6]
Congenital syphilis is syphilis that occurs when a mother with untreated syphilis passes the infection to her baby during pregnancy or at birth. [4] It may present in the fetus, infant, or later. [1] [5] Clinical features vary and differ between early onset, that is presentation before 2-years of age, and late onset, presentation after age 2 ...
Birth injuries encompass any systemic damages incurred during delivery (hypoxic, toxic, biochemical, infection factors, etc.), but "birth trauma" focuses largely on mechanical damage. Caput succedaneum , bruises , bleeding along the displacements of cranial bones, and subcapsular hematomas of the liver are among reported birth injuries.
Symptoms may include vision changes (seeing spots, blurriness, light sensitivity), a headache that won’t go away, shortness of breath, pain in your upper belly, nausea and/or vomiting, decreased ...
The point at which delivery becomes recommended depends on how severe the pre-eclampsia and how far along in pregnancy a woman is. [4] Blood pressure medication, such as labetalol and methyldopa, may be used to improve the mother's condition before delivery. [6] Magnesium sulfate may be used to prevent eclampsia in those with severe disease. [4]