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Short velocity stacks on a 302 cu.in. Ford FE engine in the tight confines of a Ford GT-40. A velocity stack, trumpet, or air horn [1] is a typically flared, parallel-sided tubular device fitted individually or in groupings to the entry of an engine's air intake system to smooth high speed airflow, and allow engine intake track tuning to incorporate pressure pulses created by its internal ...
A hodograph is a diagram that gives a vectorial visual representation of the movement of a body or a fluid. It is the locus of one end of a variable vector, with the other end fixed. [1] The position of any plotted data on such a diagram is proportional to the velocity of the moving particle. [2] It is also called a velocity diagram.
Smoothing of a noisy sine (blue curve) with a moving average (red curve). In statistics, a moving average (rolling average or running average or moving mean [1] or rolling mean) is a calculation to analyze data points by creating a series of averages of different selections of the full data set.
law of the wall, horizontal velocity near the wall with mixing length model. In fluid dynamics, the law of the wall (also known as the logarithmic law of the wall) states that the average velocity of a turbulent flow at a certain point is proportional to the logarithm of the distance from that point to the "wall", or the boundary of the fluid region.
Snap, [6] or jounce, [2] is the fourth derivative of the position vector with respect to time, or the rate of change of the jerk with respect to time. [4] Equivalently, it is the second derivative of acceleration or the third derivative of velocity, and is defined by any of the following equivalent expressions: = ȷ = = =.
In reflection seismology, stacking velocity, or Normal Moveout (NMO) velocity, is the value of the seismic velocity obtained from the best fit of the traveltime curve by a hyperbola. [1] [failed verification]. The hyperbolic approximation to the traveltime curve (two-way travel time versus offset) is known as Normal moveout (NMO).
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Turbulence in a flow can cause the fluctuation of velocity in space and time. Thus, we are able to identify turbulence through the statistics of those fluctuations [ citation needed ] . Reynolds decomposition is used to define the velocity fluctuations u ′ ( x , t ) {\displaystyle u'(x,t)} (assume we are now working with 1D problem and U ( x ...