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The hyoglossus is a thin and quadrilateral extrinsic muscle of the tongue. It originates from the hyoid bone ; it inserts onto the side of the tongue. It is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII) .
The tongue is an important accessory organ in the digestive system. The tongue is used for crushing food against the hard palate, during mastication and manipulation of food for softening prior to swallowing. The epithelium on the tongue's upper, or dorsal surface is keratinised. Consequently, the tongue can grind against the hard palate ...
The hypoglossal nerve provides motor control of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue: genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, and the intrinsic muscles of the tongue. [2] These represent all muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus muscle, which is innervated by the vagus nerve. [2] The hypoglossal nerve is of a general somatic efferent ...
The bolus is ready for swallowing when it is held together by saliva (largely mucus), sensed by the lingual nerve of the tongue (VII—chorda tympani and IX—lesser petrosal) (V 3). Any food that is too dry to form a bolus will not be swallowed. 3) Trough formation. A trough is then formed at the back of the tongue by the intrinsic muscles (XII).
The hyoglossal membrane is a strong fibrous lamina, which connects the under surface of the root of the tongue to the body of the hyoid bone. It is characterized by a posterior widening of the lingual septum. [1] This membrane receives, in front, some of the fibers of the Genioglossi. Inferior fibers are attached to hyoglossal membrane, and to ...
It begins by numerous branches from the superficial surface of the gland, and runs forward between the mylohyoid, hyoglossus, and genioglossus muscles. It then passes between the sublingual gland and the genioglossus and opens by a narrow opening on the summit of a small papilla (the "sublingual caruncle") at the side of the frenulum of the tongue.
The inferior longitudinal muscle of the tongue is an intrinsic muscle of the tongue. [1] It is thin and oval in cross-section. It is situated between the paramedian septum, and the lateral septum. [2] It extends from the root to the apex of the tongue. Posteriorly, some of its fibers attach onto the body of the hyoid bone.
The lingual septum is closely associated with the hyoglossus membrane, allowing the binding of the tongue to the hyoid muscles. [1] Visualization through implementing a vertical groove along the tongue called the median sulcus. It is thicker behind than in front, and occasionally contains a small fibrocartilage, about 6 mm. in length.