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  2. Chaos theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_theory

    Throughout his career, Professor Edward Lorenz authored a total of 61 research papers, out of which 58 were solely authored by him. [98] Commencing with the 1960 conference in Japan, Lorenz embarked on a journey of developing diverse models aimed at uncovering the SDIC and chaotic features.

  3. Predictive modelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_modelling

    Predictive modelling uses statistics to predict outcomes. [1] Most often the event one wants to predict is in the future, but predictive modelling can be applied to any type of unknown event, regardless of when it occurred.

  4. Randomness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randomness

    A pseudorandomly generated bitmap. In common usage, randomness is the apparent or actual lack of definite pattern or predictability in information. [1] [2] A random sequence of events, symbols or steps often has no order and does not follow an intelligible pattern or combination.

  5. Predictability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictability

    Predictability is the degree to which a correct prediction or forecast of a system's state can be made, either qualitatively or quantitatively.

  6. Computational irreducibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_irreducibility

    Israeli, Navot, and Nigel Goldenfeld, "On computational irreducibility and the predictability of complex physical systems". Physical Review Letters, 2004. " "Computational Irreducibility". ISAAC/EINSTein research and development. Archived from the original on 2011-12-11. Berger, David, "Stephen Wolfram, A New Kind of Science". Serendip's ...

  7. Efficient-market hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient-market_hypothesis

    Many decades of empirical research on return predictability has found mixed evidence. Research in the 1950s and 1960s often found a lack of predictability (e.g. Ball and Brown 1968; Fama, Fisher, Jensen, and Roll 1969), yet the 1980s-2000s saw an explosion of discovered return predictors (e.g. Rosenberg, Reid, and Lanstein 1985; Campbell and ...

  8. Prediction in language comprehension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prediction_in_language...

    In sentence processing, the predictability of a word is established by two related factors: 'cloze probability' and 'sentential constraint'. Cloze probability reflects the expectancy of a target word given the context of the sentence, which is determined by the percentage of individuals who supply the word when completing a sentence whose final ...

  9. Language model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_model

    A language model is a probabilistic model of a natural language. [1] In 1980, the first significant statistical language model was proposed, and during the decade IBM performed ‘Shannon-style’ experiments, in which potential sources for language modeling improvement were identified by observing and analyzing the performance of human subjects in predicting or correcting text.