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Who Were the Shudras? is a history book published by Indian social reformer and polymath B. R. Ambedkar in 1946. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The book discusses the origin of the Shudra Varna . Ambedkar dedicated the book to Jyotirao Phule (1827–1890).
Shudras were described as the giver of grain and ancient texts describe a Shudra's mode of earning as being "by the sickle and ears of corn". The ancient precept, "Vedas are destroyer of agriculture and agriculture is destroyer of Vedas", is shown as one of the reasons as to why the Shudras were not allowed to learn Vedas.
Ambedkar was born into a Mahar (dalit) caste, who were treated as untouchables and subjected to socio-economic discrimination. [12] Although they attended school, Ambedkar and other untouchable children were segregated and given little attention or help by teachers. They were not allowed to sit inside the class.
This is a list of Shudra saints who were Hindus. Pages in category "Shudra Hindu saints" The following 7 pages are in this category, out of 7 total.
The initial part narrates the arrival of the people of west Asia to India. They were of the Aryan race and they take over the local tribe and start controlling them. Finally a learned scholar, Manu Rishi, creates a caste system which classifies the local population as Shudras, who then suffer from cruel social rules.
Nairs were permitted to kill a lower caste Pulayar on sight if they met with one of them on the highway. [10] [better source needed] The Nambudhri Brahmins were top of the caste hierarchy and the Pulayar were at the lowest. [19] According to most travelers, the Nairs were placed below the kings and the Brahmins in Caste hierarchy.
The Shudras were not only the erstwhile dasas but also included the aboriginal tribes that were assimilated into the Aryan society as it expanded into Gangetic settlements. [98] This class-distinction is still reflected in the fact that the upper castes have a higher genetic affinity to Europeans, while the lower castes are more similar to Asians.
In contrast, the Shudras were considered ineligible for Dvija-ceremony and formal schooling in these texts. [8] Some Sanskrit texts present a different view. The Mahabharata, for example, states that a Shudra who is self-restrained and pure conduct is like a Dvija, and suggests that Shudras can possess Vedic knowledge. [8]