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In 1824, a Burmese envoy dispatched by the Burmese king, presenting a proposal of a Burmese–Vietnamese alliance against Siam, which was immediately declined by Minh Mang. Minh Mang saw a risky war against Siam, the former ally, might have jeopardized Vietnamese hegemony in Cambodia, which had been acquired by his father Gia Long.
Chaophraya Ratchasuphawadi (Chaophraya Bodindecha) was convinced that Vietnam supported Anouvong in his rebellion against Siam. Minh Mạng sent another Vietnamese mission to Nakhon Phanom to broker peace for Anouvong but the Vietnamese envoys were massacred by the order of Bodindecha. This was the breaking point of Siamese–Vietnamese relations.
Minh Mạng sent Tạ Quang Cự [21] to occupy Muang Phuan and to assist Chao Noy but soon realized that Chao Noy had switched loyalty to Siam. When Minh Mạng learnt that Chao Noy had cooperated with the Siamese in the downfall of Anouvong, the Vietnamese emperor summoned Chao Noy to Huế for explanation [20] but Chao Noy had become defiant ...
As Minh Mạng raised an army to quell the rebellion, Lê Văn Khôi fortified himself into the Saigon fortress and asked for the help of the Siamese. [2] Rama III, king of Siam, accepted the offer and sent troops to attack the Vietnamese provinces of Ha-tien and An-giang and Vietnamese imperial forces in Laos and Cambodia. [6]
Relations between Siam and Vietnam deteriorated further leading up the Siamese-Vietnamese wars of the 1830s. In 1833, a revolt broke out against Minh Mạng in southern Vietnam. Rama III decided to invade Cambodia, under Bodindecha, to place a pro-Siamese prince on the throne and push on into southern Vietnam to aid the anti-Hue rebellion. [118]
The Vietnamese invasions of Cambodia refers to the period of Cambodian history, between 1813 and 1845, when the Kingdom of Cambodia was invaded by the Vietnamese Nguyễn dynasty three times, and a brief period from 1834 to 1841 when Cambodia was part of Tây Thành province in Vietnam, undertaken by Vietnamese emperors Gia Long (r. 1802–1819) and Minh Mạng (r. 1820–1841).
Minh Mạng also expanded his empire westward, putting central and southern Laos under Cam Lộ Province, and collided with his father's former ally – Siam, in Vientiane and Cambodia. [ 97 ] [ 98 ] He backed the revolt of Laotian king Anouvong of Vientiane against the Siamese, and seized Xam Neua and Savannakhet in 1827.
Minh Mạng died in early 1841. Siam launched the second invasion of Cambodia. Although the Nguyễn army successfully retook Phnom Penh in 1845, the emperor of Vietnam Thieu Tri sought to make peace with Siam. A peace treaty between Siam and Vietnam was signed in March 1847, which resulted in the independence of Cambodia in 1848.