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In thermodynamics, the Joule–Thomson effect (also known as the Joule–Kelvin effect or Kelvin–Joule effect) describes the temperature change of a real gas or liquid (as differentiated from an ideal gas) when it is expanding; typically caused by the pressure loss from flow through a valve or porous plug while keeping it insulated so that no heat is exchanged with the environment.
So for >, an expansion at constant enthalpy increases temperature as the work done by the repulsive interactions of the gas is dominant, and so the change in kinetic energy is positive. But for T < T inv {\displaystyle T<T_{\text{inv}}} , expansion causes temperature to decrease because the work of attractive intermolecular forces dominates ...
The Joule expansion (a subset of free expansion) is an irreversible process in thermodynamics in which a volume of gas is kept in one side of a thermally isolated container (via a small partition), with the other side of the container being evacuated. The partition between the two parts of the container is then opened, and the gas fills the ...
Quantity (common name/s) (Common) symbol/s Defining equation SI unit Dimension General heat/thermal capacity C = / J⋅K −1: ML 2 T −2 Θ −1: Heat capacity (isobaric)
fluid flow through a flow resistance such as in the Joule expansion or the Joule–Thomson effect; heat transfer; Joule heating; friction between solid surfaces; fluid viscosity within a system. The expression for the rate of entropy production in the first two cases will be derived in separate sections. Fig.2 a: Schematic diagram of a heat engine.
The Joule effect (during Joule expansion), the temperature change of a gas (usually cooling) when it is allowed to expand freely. The Joule–Thomson effect , the temperature change of a gas when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it insulated so that no heat is exchanged with the environment.
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