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Levels-of-processing effect: That different methods of encoding information into memory have different levels of effectiveness. [161] List-length effect: A smaller percentage of items are remembered in a longer list, but as the length of the list increases, the absolute number of items remembered increases as well. [162] Memory inhibition
Thus, participants made different attributions about people depending on the information they had access to. Storms used these results to bolster his theory of cognitively-driven attribution biases; because people have no access to the world except through their own eyes, they are inevitably constrained and consequently prone to biases.
In psychology, the misattribution of memory or source misattribution is the misidentification of the origin of a memory by the person making the memory recall.Misattribution is likely to occur when individuals are unable to monitor and control the influence of their attitudes, toward their judgments, at the time of retrieval. [1]
Persuasive definition – purporting to use the "true" or "commonly accepted" meaning of a term while, in reality, using an uncommon or altered definition. (cf. the if-by-whiskey fallacy) Ecological fallacy – inferring about the nature of an entity based solely upon aggregate statistics collected for the group to which that entity belongs.
A second theory is that intrusion errors may be responsible, in that memories revolving around a similar time period thus share a common theme, and memories of various points of time within that larger time period become mixed with each other and intrude on each other's recall. Last, the recall of memories often have holes due to forgotten details.
“A common dynamic I see is that multitasking leaves you feeling anxious and your mind feeling scattered,” says Brownfield. “You are less focused and less productive with the tasks at hand.
Explanations in terms of cost-benefit analysis assume that people do not just test hypotheses in a disinterested way, but assess the costs of different errors. [74] Using ideas from evolutionary psychology , James Friedrich suggests that people do not primarily aim at truth in testing hypotheses, but try to avoid the most costly errors.
The complex disorder is most common in endurance sports, but not well-researched enough for consistent diagnoses. It's estimated to impact 30-40% of high level athletes across all sports.