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The anion gap is representative of how many ions are not accounted for by the lab measurements used in the calculation. These "unmeasured" ions are mostly anions, which is why the value is called the "anion gap." [3] By definition, only the cations sodium (Na +) and potassium (K +) and the anions chloride (Cl −) and bicarbonate (HCO −
The standard definition of a reference range for a particular measurement is defined as the interval between which 95% of values of a reference population fall into, in such a way that 2.5% of the time a value will be less than the lower limit of this interval, and 2.5% of the time it will be larger than the upper limit of this interval, whatever the distribution of these values.
0.50, [5] 0.52, [15] 0.53, [14] 0.62 [23] L/L: Female: 0.35, [5] 0.36, [14] 0.37 [15] [23] 0.46, [5] [14] [15] 0.48 [23] L/L: Child: 0.31 [15] 0.43 [15] L/L: Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) Male: 76, [23] 82 [15] 100, [23] 102 [15] fL: Cells are larger in neonates, though smaller in other children. Female: 78 [15] 101 [15] fL Red blood cell ...
The comprehensive metabolic panel, or chemical screen (CMP; CPT code 80053), is a panel of 14 blood tests that serves as an initial broad medical screening tool. The CMP provides a rough check of kidney function, liver function, diabetic and parathyroid status, and electrolyte and fluid balance, but this type of screening has its limitations.
The AST/ALT ratio increases in liver functional impairment. In alcoholic liver disease, the mean ratio is 1.45, and mean ratio is 1.33 in post necrotic liver cirrhosis. Ratio is greater than 1.17 in viral cirrhosis, greater than 2.0 in alcoholic hepatitis, and 0.9 in non-alcoholic hepatitis.
The benzyl cation and anion serve as simple models for arenes with electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups, respectively. The π-electron population correctly implies the meta - and ortho- / para- selectivity for electrophilic aromatic substitution of π electron-poor and π electron-rich arenes, respectively.
A buffer solution is a solution where the pH does not change significantly on dilution or if an acid or base is added at constant temperature. [1] Its pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it.
Hypokalemia; Other names: Hypokalaemia, hypopotassaemia, hypopotassemia: An ECG in a person with a potassium level of 1.1 meq/L showing the classical changes of ST segment depression, inverted T waves, large U waves, and a slightly prolonged PR interval.