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Chromosomal reciprocal translocation of the 4th and 20th chromosome. In genetics, chromosome translocation is a phenomenon that results in unusual rearrangement of chromosomes. This includes balanced and unbalanced translocation, with two main types: reciprocal, and Robertsonian translocation.
For example, 46,XY,der(4)t(4;8)(p16;q22)t(4;9)(q31;q31) would refer to a derivative chromosome 4 which is the result of a translocation between the short arm of chromosome 4 at region 1, band 6 and the long arm of chromosome 8 at region 2, band 2, and a translocation between the long arm of chromosome 4 at region 3, band 1 and the long arm of ...
Translocation may refer to: Chromosomal translocation, a chromosome abnormality caused by rearrangement of parts Robertsonian translocation, a chromosomal rearrangement in pairs 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22; Nonreciprocal translocation, transfer of genes from one chromosome to another; PEP group translocation, a method used by bacteria for sugar uptake
In genetics, a fusion gene is a hybrid gene formed from two previously independent genes. It can occur as a result of translocation , interstitial deletion , or chromosomal inversion . Fusion genes have been found to be prevalent in all main types of human neoplasia . [ 1 ]
In genetics, a chromosomal rearrangement is a mutation that is a type of chromosome abnormality involving a change in the structure of the native chromosome. [1] Such changes may involve several different classes of events, like deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations.
A Robertsonian translocation. The short arms of the chromosomes (shown on right) are often lost . Robertsonian translocation (ROB) is a chromosomal abnormality where the entire long arms of two different chromosomes become fused to each other. It is the most common form of chromosomal translocation in humans, affecting 1 out of every 1,000 ...
This figure depicts how Floxing is used in scientific research for spatial and temporal control of gene expression. In genetic engineering, floxing refers to the insertion of a DNA sequence (which is then said to be floxed) between two LoxP sequences, creating an artificial gene cassette which can then be conditionally deleted (knocked out), translocated, or inverted in a process called Cre ...
Conversely, translocations can also join two previously separate pieces of chromosomes together, resulting in a gain of synteny between loci. Stronger-than-expected shared synteny can reflect selection for functional relationships between syntenic genes, such as combinations of alleles that are advantageous when inherited together, or shared ...