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A molecular vibration is a periodic motion of the atoms of a molecule relative to each other, such that the center of mass of the molecule remains unchanged. The typical vibrational frequencies range from less than 10 13 Hz to approximately 10 14 Hz, corresponding to wavenumbers of approximately 300 to 3000 cm −1 and wavelengths of approximately 30 to 3 μm.
In carbon monoxide (CO, isoelectronic with dinitrogen) the oxygen 2s orbital is much lower in energy than the carbon 2s orbital and therefore the degree of mixing is low. The electron configuration 1σ 2 1σ* 2 2σ 2 2σ* 2 1π 4 3σ 2 is identical to that of nitrogen.
Simulated vibration-rotation line spectrum of carbon monoxide, 12 C 16 O. The P-branch is to the left of the gap near 2140 cm −1, the R-branch on the right. [note 2] Schematic ro-vibrational energy level diagram for a linear molecule. Diatomic molecules with the general formula AB have one normal mode of vibration involving stretching of the ...
Ozone, O 3 Trihydrogen cation, H 3 +. Homonuclear triatomic molecules contain three of the same kind of atom. That molecule will be an allotrope of that element.. Ozone, O 3 is an example of a triatomic molecule with all atoms the same.
Carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) is a poisonous, flammable gas that is colorless, odorless, tasteless, and slightly less dense than air. Carbon monoxide consists of one carbon atom and one oxygen atom connected by a triple bond. It is the simplest carbon oxide. In coordination complexes, the carbon monoxide ligand is called carbonyl. It is ...
English: Part of the rotational-vibrational spectrum of carbon monoxide (CO) gas (from FTIR), showing the presence of P (<2140 cm-1) and R (>2140 cm-1) branches. Frequency is on the x-axis, and absorbance on the y-axis.
If a diatomic molecule consists of two atoms of the same element, such as hydrogen (H 2) or oxygen (O 2), then it is said to be homonuclear. Otherwise, if a diatomic molecule consists of two different atoms, such as carbon monoxide (CO) or nitric oxide (NO), the molecule is said to be heteronuclear.
In the quantum mechanical picture, the vibrational levels and vibrational wavefunctions are those of quantum harmonic oscillators, or of more complex approximations to the potential energy of molecules, such as the Morse potential. Figure 1 illustrates the Franck–Condon principle for vibronic transitions in a molecule with Morse-like ...