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As a consequence of the biochemical reactions in which homocysteine is involved, deficiencies of vitamin B 6, folic acid (vitamin B 9), and vitamin B 12 can lead to high homocysteine levels. [2] Other possible causes of hyperhomocysteinemia include genetics, excessive methionine intake, and other diseases. [3]
Laboratory test results may include elevated folate (vitamin B 9), and, less commonly, vitamin B 12 deficiency or other nutritional deficiencies. [4] Anemia may occur from a variety of mechanisms, as many of the nutrients involved in production of red blood cells are absorbed in the affected small bowel.
The common MTHFR deficiencies are usually asymptomatic, although the 677T variant can cause a mildly increased risk of some diseases. [citation needed]For individuals homozygous in the 677T variant, there is a mildly elevated risk of thromboembolism (odds ratio 1.2), [4] and stroke (odds ratio 1.26). [5]
The 2013–2014 survey reported that for adults ages 20 years and older, men consumed an average of 249 μg/day folate from food plus 207 μg/day of folic acid from consumption of fortified foods, for a combined total of 601 μg/day of dietary folate equivalents (DFEs because each microgram of folic acid counts as 1.7 μg of food folate).
In this study, children born to mothers with high folate concentrations and low vitamin B 12 concentrations were found to have higher adiposity and insulin resistance at age 6. In the same study, over 60% of pregnant women were deficient in vitamin B 12 , which was considered to increase the risk of gestational and later diabetes in the mothers ...
Folate Folic acid: Folic acid deficiency results in a macrocytic anemia, and elevated levels of homocysteine. Deficiency in pregnant women can lead to birth defects, particularly neural tube defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly. Vitamin B 12: Cobalamins
This means you’re simultaneously cutting back on high-LDL items such as fried food, fast food, desserts, and processed meats (bacon, hot dogs, etc.), while adding more veggies, fruits, nuts ...
It thus is also a biomarker for intracellular levels of folate. The FIGLU test is used to identify vitamin B₁₂ deficiency, folate deficiency, and liver failure or liver disease. [1] [2] It is elevated with folate trapping, where it is accompanied by decreased methylmalonic acid, increased folate and a decrease in homocysteine. [3]