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[2] [3] The chronic condition is diagnosed in approximately 10% of postcholecystectomy cases. The pain associated with postcholecystectomy syndrome is usually ascribed to either sphincter of Oddi dysfunction or to post-surgical adhesions. [4] A recent 2008 study shows that postcholecystectomy syndrome can be caused by biliary microlithiasis. [5]
The goal of treatment of malignant pleural effusions is relief of shortness of breath. [15] Occasionally, treatment of the underlying cancer can cause resolution of the effusion. This may be the case with types of cancer that respond well to chemotherapy, such as small cell carcinoma or lymphoma. Simple aspiration of pleural fluid can relieve ...
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a technique that combines the use of endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat certain problems of the biliary or pancreatic ductal systems. It is primarily performed by highly skilled and specialty trained gastroenterologists.
A parapneumonic effusion is a type of pleural effusion (accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity) that arises as a result of a pneumonia, lung abscess, or bronchiectasis. [1] There are three types of parapneumonic effusions: uncomplicated effusions, complicated effusions, and empyema. Uncomplicated effusions generally respond well to ...
Periampullary cancer is a cancer that forms near the ampulla of Vater, an enlargement of the ducts from the liver and pancreas where they join and enter the small intestine. [1] It consists of: ampullary tumour from ampulla of Vater; cancer of lower common bile duct; duodenal cancer adjacent to ampulla; carcinoma head of pancreas
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: AST and ALT > 4 times the URL Acute viral hepatitis or toxin-related hepatitis with jaundice : AST and ALT > 25 times the URL Ischemic hepatopathy (shock liver) : AST and ALT > 50 times the URL (in addition the lactate dehydrogenase is often markedly elevated) [ 15 ]
These lesions are benign, though there is a high rate of progression to cancer. As such, surgery should be pursued when feasible. The rate of malignancy present in MCN is about 10 percent. [1] If resection is performed before invasive malignancy develops, prognosis is excellent.
A contrast-enhanced CT scan is usually performed more than 48 hours after the onset of pain to evaluate for pancreatic necrosis and extrapancreatic fluid as well as predict the severity of the disease. CT scanning earlier can be falsely reassuring. [34] ERCP or an endoscopic ultrasound can also be used if a biliary cause for pancreatitis is ...