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Brunelleschi designed the central nave, with the two collateral naves on either side lined by small chapels, and the old sacristy. The first stage of the project was the Old Sacristy, built between 1419 and 1429. It contains the tomb of Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici and his wife, beneath a central dome, simply decorated. The chapel is a cube of ...
1941 – May – A review committee postulates that the United States will not isolate enough uranium-235 to build an atomic bomb until 1945. [6] 1941 – June – President Roosevelt forms the Office of Scientific Research and Development under Vannevar Bush. 1941 – June 15 – The MAUD Committee approves a report that a uranium bomb could ...
J. Robert Oppenheimer (born Julius Robert Oppenheimer; / ˈ ɒ p ən h aɪ m ər / OP-ən-hy-mər; April 22, 1904 – February 18, 1967) was an American theoretical physicist who served as the director of the Manhattan Project's Los Alamos Laboratory during World War II.
The Soviet atomic bomb project was authorized by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union to develop nuclear weapons during and after World War II. [1] [2] Russian physicist Georgy Flyorov suspected that the Allied powers were secretly developing a "superweapon" [2] since 1939. Flyorov urged Stalin to start a nuclear program in 1942.
On April 30, John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton publish the first disintegration of an atomic nucleus, popularly described as splitting the atom. They report the production of two alpha particles from the bombardment of lithium-7 nuclei by protons, using a Cockcroft–Walton generator at the University of Cambridge 's Cavendish Laboratory . [ 7 ]
The most common argument for crediting Brunelleschi is the chapel's clear similarity to the Old Sacristy; others argue that his style had developed in the twenty-year interim and that the Pazzi Chapel would represent a retrograde step. [4] The first written mention of Brunelleschi as the architect was written by an anonymous author in the 1490s ...
The United States tested the first nuclear weapon in July 1945, the Trinity test, with the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki taking place one month later. In August 1945, the first widely distributed account of nuclear energy, the pocketbook The Atomic Age, [14] was released.
In nuclear fusion, the nuclei of light elements are fused to create a heavier element.. To review this work and the general theory of fission reactions, Oppenheimer and Fermi convened meetings at the University of Chicago in June and at the University of California in Berkeley, in July with theoretical physicists Hans Bethe, John Van Vleck, Edward Teller, Emil Konopinski, Robert Serber, Stan ...