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DPMO is stated in opportunities per million units for convenience: processes that are considered highly capable (e.g., processes of Six Sigma quality) are those that experience fewer than 3.4 defects per million opportunities (or services provided).
For example, in the automotive industry, the Automotive Industry Action Group sets forth guidelines in the Production Part Approval Process, 4th edition for recommended C pk minimum values for critical-to-quality process characteristics. However, these criteria are debatable and several processes may not be evaluated for capability just because ...
Traditional six sigma methodology, DMAIC, has become a standard process optimization tool for the chemical process industries. However, it has become clear that [weasel words] the promise of six sigma, specifically, 3.4 defects per million opportunities (DPMO), is simply unachievable after the fact. Consequently, there has been a growing ...
So, now for example, the DPMO figure given for 1 sigma assumes that the long-term process mean will be 0.5 sigma beyond the specification limit (C pk = –0.17), rather than 1 sigma within it, as it was in the short-term study (C pk = 0.33). Note that the defect percentages indicate only defects exceeding the specification limit to which the ...
For example, such a regulation might limit the concentration of NOx to 55 ppmv in a dry combustion exhaust gas corrected to 3 volume percent O 2. As another example, a regulation might limit the concentration of particulate matter to 0.1 grain per standard cubic foot (i.e., scf) of dry exhaust gas corrected to 12 volume percent CO 2.
Failure rate is the frequency with which any system or component fails, expressed in failures per unit of time. It thus depends on the system conditions, time interval, and total number of systems under study. [1]
While other control charts treat rational subgroups of samples individually, the EWMA chart tracks the exponentially-weighted moving average of all prior sample means. EWMA weights samples in geometrically decreasing order so that the most recent samples are weighted most highly while the most distant samples contribute very little.
A classic example of NGP is the reaction of a sulfur or nitrogen mustard with a nucleophile, the rate of reaction is much higher for the sulfur mustard and a nucleophile than it would be for a primary or secondary alkyl chloride without a heteroatom. [5] Ph−S−CH 2 −CH 2 −Cl reacts with water 600 times faster than CH 3 −CH 2 −CH 2 ...