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Radiation hardening is the process of making electronic components and circuits resistant to damage or malfunction caused by high levels of ionizing radiation (particle radiation and high-energy electromagnetic radiation), [1] especially for environments in outer space (especially beyond low Earth orbit), around nuclear reactors and particle accelerators, or during nuclear accidents or nuclear ...
The damaging effects of electromagnetic interference pose unacceptable risks in many areas of technology, and it is necessary to control such interference and reduce the risks to acceptable levels. The control of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and assurance of EMC comprises a series of related disciplines: Characterising the threat.
Radiation exposure can be managed by a combination of these factors: Time: Reducing the time of an exposure reduces the effective dose proportionally. An example of reducing radiation doses by reducing the time of exposures might be improving operator training to reduce the time they take to handle a radioactive source.
Thus, it is the purpose of this subpart to provide for the establishment by the Secretary of an electronic product radiation control program which shall include the development and administration of performance standards to control the emission of electronic product radiation from electronic products and the undertaking by public and private ...
The Advisory Committee on X-Ray and Radium Protection was established in 1929. [1] Initially, the organization was an informal collective of scientists seeking to proffer accurate information and appropriate recommendations for radiation protection.
Radio frequencies are also applied in carrier current systems including telephony and control circuits. The MOS integrated circuit is the technology behind the current proliferation of radio frequency wireless telecommunications devices such as cellphones .
The water board has given Berkeley until July 1 to submit a new plan. Berkeley spokesperson Matthai Chakko said the city has complied with all regulatory requirements from the water board.
For some materials and products that are sensitive to oxidative effects, radiation tolerance levels for electron-beam irradiation may be slightly higher than for gamma exposure. This is due to the higher dose rates and shorter exposure times of e-beam irradiation, which have been shown to reduce the degradative effects of oxygen. [18]