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  2. Ontology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology

    Speculative ontology aims to determine which entities actually exist, for example, whether there are numbers or whether time is an illusion. [81] Martin Heidegger proposed fundamental ontology to study the meaning of being. Metaontology studies the underlying concepts, assumptions, and methods of ontology.

  3. Ontology (information science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology_(information_science)

    More simply, an ontology is a way of showing the properties of a subject area and how they are related, by defining a set of terms and relational expressions that represent the entities in that subject area. The field which studies ontologies so conceived is sometimes referred to as applied ontology. [1]

  4. Ontology components - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology_components

    For example, in the ontology that contains the concept Ford Explorer and the concept Ford Bronco might be related by a relation of type is defined as a successor of . The full expression of that fact then becomes: Ford Explorer is defined as a successor of : Ford Bronco; This tells us that the Explorer is the model that replaced the Bronco.

  5. Process philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_philosophy

    An entity that people commonly think of as a simple concrete object, or that Aristotle would think of as a substance, is, in this ontology, considered to be a temporally serial composite of indefinitely many overlapping occasions of experience. A human being is thus composed of indefinitely many occasions of experience.

  6. Ontological turn - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontological_turn

    Ontology is the study of reality as constructed in both human and non-human worlds. [2] [3] Conversely, ontology has also been understood as a process of "becoming". [4] Finally, ontology has also been defined as the set of historical circumstances through which individuals comprehend reality.

  7. Urdu literature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_literature

    Urdu literature (Urdu: ادبیاتِ اُردُو, “Adbiyāt-i Urdū”) comprises the literary works, written in the Urdu language. While it tends to be dominated by poetry , especially the verse forms of the ghazal ( غزل ) and nazm ( نظم ), it has expanded into other styles of writing, including that of the short story, or afsana ...

  8. Fundamental ontology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_ontology

    Carman elaborates: Heidegger's fundamental ontology is relevant to traditional ontology in that it concerns "what any understanding of entities necessarily presupposes, namely, our understanding of that in virtue of which entities are entities". [2] This ontological difference (German: ontologische Differenz) is central to Heidegger's philosophy.

  9. Object-oriented ontology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_ontology

    In metaphysics, object-oriented ontology (OOO) is a 21st-century Heidegger-influenced school of thought that rejects the privileging of human existence over the existence of nonhuman objects. [1] This is in contrast to post- Kantian philosophy's tendency to refuse "speak[ing] of the world without humans or humans without the world".