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These "regulations set limits on sulfur oxide (SOx) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from ship exhausts and prohibit deliberate emissions of ozone-depleting substances." [ 1 ] The current convention is a combination of 1973 Convention and the 1978 Protocol.
Sulfur oxide refers to many types of sulfur and oxygen containing compounds such as SO, SO 2, SO 3, S 7 O 2, S 6 O 2, S 2 O 2, etc. Sulfur oxide (SO x) refers to one or more of the following: Lower sulfur oxides (S n O, S 7 O 2 and S 6 O 2) Sulfur monoxide (SO) and its dimer, Disulfur dioxide (S 2 O 2) Sulfur dioxide (SO 2) Sulfur trioxide (SO 3)
Sulfur dioxide can bind to metal ions as a ligand to form metal sulfur dioxide complexes, typically where the transition metal is in oxidation state 0 or +1. Many different bonding modes (geometries) are recognized, but in most cases, the ligand is monodentate, attached to the metal through sulfur, which can be either planar and pyramidal η 1. [9]
Cows, sheep and other ruminants digest their food by enteric fermentation, and their burps are the main methane emissions from land use, land-use change, and forestry: together with methane and nitrous oxide from manure, this makes livestock the main source of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture.
Section 202(a)(1) of the Clean Air Act requires the Administrator of the EPA to establish standards "applicable to the emission of any air pollutant from…new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines, which in [her] judgment cause, or contribute to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare" (emphasis added). [3]
Annex 2 - Maximum allowable emissions (emission ceilings) [6] are adopted for 2010 for sulphur, nitrogen oxides (NO x), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and ammonia (NH 3). The selection of the specific emission levels (in tons/year) were based on the predicted effects of the pollutants and the pollutant control options and costs.
An emission performance standard is a limit that sets thresholds above which a different type of vehicle emissions control technology might be needed. While emission performance standards have been used to dictate limits for conventional pollutants such as oxides of nitrogen and oxides of sulphur (NO x and SO x ), [ 3 ] this regulatory ...
In Phase II, all fossil-fired units over 75 MWe were required to limit emissions of sulfur dioxide to 1.2 pounds per million British thermal units (1.9 kg/MWh) by January 1, 2000. Thereafter, they were required to obtain an emissions allowance for each ton of sulfur dioxide emitted, subject to a mandatory fine of $2,000.00 for each ton emitted ...