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Philip IV (April–June 1268 – 29 November 1314), called Philip the Fair (French: Philippe le Bel), was King of France from 1285 to 1314. By virtue of his marriage with Joan I of Navarre , he was also King of Navarre and Count of Champagne as Philip I from 1284 to 1305.
While waiting, de Molay and Clement discussed criminal charges that had been made two years earlier by an ousted Templar and were being discussed by King Philip IV of France and his ministers. It was generally agreed that the charges were false, but Clement sent King Philip a written request for assistance in the investigation.
The Knights Templar were an elite fighting force of their day, highly trained, well-equipped, and highly motivated; one of the tenets of their religious order was that they were forbidden from retreating in battle, unless outnumbered three to one, and even then only by order of their commander, or if the Templar flag went down.
Coat of arms of Jacques de Molay. Jacques de Molay (French: [də mɔlɛ]; c. 1240–1250 [1] – 11 or 18 March 1314 [2]), also spelled "Molai", [3] was the 23rd and last grand master of the Knights Templar, leading the order sometime before 20 April 1292 until it was dissolved by order of Pope Clement V in 1312.
The Knights Templar had been founded in the Holy Land as a crusading military order in the early 12th century. By the close of the 13th century they had gained swathes of lands in Europe, particularly France. King Philip IV of France had the members of the order in his kingdom arrested, accusing them of heretical practices.
Pope Clement V absolved 72 of the Knights Templar in July 1308 at Poitiers after hearing their confessions. [71] However, King Philip still withheld access to the leaders of the Order and it was not until August 1308 that a papal commission finally was allowed to hear from them and also grant them absolution. [71]
Charles IV, King of France r. 1322–1328 Charles I, King of Navarre r. 1322–1328: Isabella of France (c. 1295 –1358) Edward of Caernarfon (1284–1327) Edward II, King of England: Philip the Fortunate Philip of Valois (1293–1350) Philip VI, King of France r. 1328–1350: John the Posthumous (1316) John I, King of France John I, King of ...
A Knights Templar seal [1] The Templar Seal showing two knights (perhaps Hugues de Payens and Godfrey de Saint-Omer) on one horse. There are many interpretations of the symbolism of this seal. Contemporary legend held that the symbol represented the initial poverty of the order; that they could afford only a single horse for every two men.