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In 1984, high-risk hearing registries only included an estimated 15 percent of the nation's newborn population and likely, that less than half of those infants had their hearing assessed. Other weaknesses identified that a restricted risk register will excludes approximately 50 percent of infants with hearing impairment. [49]
Early childhood intervention came about as a natural progression from special education for children with disabilities (Guralnick, 1997). Many early childhood intervention support services began as research units in universities (for example, Syracuse University in the United States and Macquarie University in Australia) while others were developed out of organizations helping older children.
This program assigned a random sample of 57 of 111 infants born between 1972 and 1977 to a full-time, high-quality educational intervention in a childcare setting from infancy through age 5 with the rest assigned to a control group. The children’s progress has been monitored over time with follow-up studies at ages 12, 15, 21, 30, and 35. [2]
In addition, she was a major contributor, in a variety of roles and principal investigator of the follow-up at 18 years of age, to the Infant Health and Development Program, a controlled trial of and early childhood educational intervention for preterm, low birth weight infants. [12]
Provide care for infants who are feeding and growing stronger or convalescing after intensive care; Provide mechanical ventilation for a brief duration (<24 h) or continuous positive airway pressure; Stabilize infants born before 32-week gestation and weighing less than 1500 g until transfer to a neonatal intensive-care facility
Many infants with CRS may be born with sensorineural deafness and thus should undergo a newborn hearing evaluation. Hearing loss may not be apparent at birth and thus requires close auditory follow up. Infants with confirmed hearing impairment may require hearing aids and may benefit from an early intervention program. [4]
Newborn screening programs initially used screening criteria based largely on criteria established by JMG Wilson and F. Jungner in 1968. [6] Although not specifically about newborn population screening programs, their publication, Principles and practice of screening for disease proposed ten criteria that screening programs should meet before being used as a public health measure.
Parents have the right to request that their infant or toddler be assessed by a community agency or their home school district. They may first discuss it with their physician. An Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) is made to address the individualized needs of the child, concerns of the parents, and early intervention services.