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Sunni Ali was born the son of Sonni Muhammad Da'o, who appears in the kinglists of the Tarikh al-Sudan and Tarikh al-Fattash as the 10th Sonni ruler. His mother was from Fara, an area that was still heavily pagan, and Ali was raised in this milieu. As a Sonni, he also received an Islamic education, but practiced a syncretic, unorthodox faith. [1]
The Tarikh al-fattash is a West African chronicle that provides an account of the Songhay Empire from the reign of Sonni Ali (ruled 1464-1492) up to 1599 with a few references to events in the following century. The chronicle also mentions the earlier Mali Empire.
The Sonni dynasty, Sunni dynasty or Si dynasty was a dynasty of rulers of the Songhai Empire of medieval West Africa. The origins of the dynasty lies in its predecessor Za Dynasty . The last ruler, Sonni Baru , ruled until 1493 when the throne was usurped by the Askiya Muhammad I , the founder of the Askiya dynasty .
The Zā dynasty (also rendered Dya, Zuwā, Zu’a, Juwā, Jā’, Yā, Diā, and Diu’a, sometimes equated with the Zaghe) were rulers of the Gao Empire based in the towns of Kukiya and Gao on the Niger River in what is today modern Mali; and rulers of the Songhai Empire through Sunni Ali, son of Za Yasibaya (Yasiboi), who established the Sonni Dynasty.
1258) writes in his commentary on Nahj al-balagha that Ali corrected a ruling by Umar for a woman accused of adultery, after which the second caliph said, "Were it not for Ali, Umar would indeed have been destroyed." [51] Similar sentiments are attributed to Umar in the Sunni Kitab al-Isti'ab and al-Bidaya wa'l-nihaya and the Shia Bihar al-anwar.
Sonni Ali Ber: First Ruler of the Songhai Empire: 1464 – 1492 [32] Stefan Uroš I: King of Serbia 1243 – 1276: Stephen the Great: Prince of Moldavia (in present-day Romania) 1457 – 1504: Svatopluk I of Moravia: King of Moravia: 840 – 894 [33] Taksin: King of the Thonburi Kingdom (in present-day Thailand) 1767 – 1782 [34] Tamar of ...
After Sonni Ali's death in 1492, one of his sons, Sonni Baru, became ruler of the Songhay Empire. He was immediately challenged for the leadership by Muhammad (son of Abi Bakr) who had been one of Sonni Ali's military commanders. In 1493 Muhammad defeated Sonni Baru in battle and in so doing brought an end to the Sonni dynasty. [1]
The title Askia [b] (Arabic: اسكيا) is of unknown origin, [10] but had been in use since the early 13th century, if not earlier. [11] It may derive from an arabic word for 'general.' [12]: 253 The Tarikh al-Sudan provides a folk etymology for the title, claiming that Askia Muhammad invented the title himself based on the lament of Sonni Ali's daughters when they had learned he had seized ...