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The foundation was excavated to a maximum depth of 20 feet (6.1 m), where it was laid on solid rock. [ 24 ] [ 41 ] [ 49 ] The excavations were relatively small because the underlying layer of bedrock was shallow, [ 50 ] rising nearly to the surface near the transept on Fifth Avenue.
Since the layer of bedrock under the Hearst Tower varies in depth, the tower's foundation was built with two methods. Bedrock is only a few feet under half of the basement, and spread footings were used. Under the other half of the basement, where bedrock is a maximum of 30 feet (9.1 m) down, twenty-one caissons were installed. [29] [44]
With enormous petroleum export earnings beginning in the mid-1970s the Saudi economy was not dependent on income from productive employment. Economists "estimate only 30–40 percent" of working-age Saudis "hold jobs or actively seek work," [ 62 ] and most employed Saudis have less-than-demanding jobs with the government.
The official languages are Finnish and Swedish; 84.9 percent of the population speak the first as their mother tongue and 5.1 percent the latter. [1] [11] Finland's climate varies from humid continental in the south to boreal in the north. The land cover is predominantly boreal forest biome, with more than 180,000 recorded lakes. [12] [13]
Taylor was elected president at age 30, maintained a friendship with the educational philosopher John Dewey, and worked to employ the Dewey method at Sarah Lawrence. Taylor spent much of his career calling for educational reform in the United States, using the success of Sarah Lawrence as an example of the possibilities of a personalized ...