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In 1542 Cabrillo was the first European to explore the coast of present-day California. He had three ships: the 200-ton galleon San Salvador, the 100-ton La Victoria and lateen-rigged, 26-oared San Miguel. The two ships were not the square-rigged galleons commonly used for crossing open ocean.
From 1825 to 1848 the average number of ships traveling to California increased to about 25 ships per year—a large increase from the average of 2.5 ships per year from 1769 to 1824. [27] The port of entry for trading purposes was the Alta California Capital, Monterey, California, where customs duties of about 100% were applied. These high ...
Pedro Prat, who was a member of the navy, served as crew doctor, and Hernando Patron was the ship's chaplain. [6] [5] The San Antonio ship arrived in San Diego Bay landing on April 11, 1769, and the San Carlos on April 29. Many crew members on both ships were ill, mostly from scurvy. On the San Carlos most of the crew died, and only two men ...
The commanding officers prepared to dispatch the San Antonio back to Lower California New Spain, to report to viceroy de Croix and visitador Gálvez about the expedition. On July 1, just as the ship was about to sail, the Portolà/Serra party arrived in San Diego in good health, with 163 mules loaded with supplies.
On September 8, the ships rejoined and headed south for the return trip to San Blas. Although the Spanish were normally secretive about their exploring voyages and the discoveries made, the 1779 voyage of Arteaga and Bodega y Quadra became widely known. Lapérouse obtained a copy of their map published in 1798. Mourelle's journal was acquired ...
The 2023 preprint also presents a 1604 California Spanish-based map, made by the Florentine cartographer Matteo di Jacopo Neroni da Peccioli, where the toponym Cabrilho's Bay (B. de Cabrilho) shows at nearly 40 degrees north. The navigator's name is written in the Portuguese form (with lh) for the first time in any known map of that period.
After successfully sacking Spanish colonial settlements and plundering Spanish treasure ships along their Pacific coast colonies in the Americas, English privateer and explorer Francis Drake sailed into Oregon, [29] before exploring and claiming an undefined portion of the California coast in 1579, landing at Drake's Cove near Point Reyes. [30]
Nuestra Señora del Triunfo was a Lealtad-class frigate screw frigate with a wooden hull.She had three masts and a bowsprit.She displaced 3,200 tons. [1] She was 70 metres (229 ft 8 in) long, 14 metres (45 ft 11 in) in beam, 7.33 metres (24 ft 1 in) in depth, and 6.16 metres (20 ft 3 in) in draft. [1]