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Fusarium circinatum is a fungal plant pathogen that causes the serious disease pitch canker on pine trees and Douglas firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii).The most common hosts of the pathogen include slash pine (Pinus elliottii), loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), Monterey pine (Pinus radiata), Mexican weeping pine (Pinus patula), and Douglas fir. [1]
If bark blisters are found on branches over 10–15 cm from the trunk, those branches may be pruned off, which will stop the spread of the disease to the rest of that tree. If the main trunk is affected then no control is possible, and the tree will die once the infection encircles the tree.
The disease has been found at California Christmas tree farms. Christmas trees are also vulnerable to large scale infestations from various fungal pathogens. In 2002 concern in the U.S. Pacific Northwest arose over the spread of a relatively new fungal disease called annosus root rot (Heterobasidion annosum or Fomes annosus). [7]
This is referred to as the phytophagous phase of the nematode, and it results in pine wilt disease. Water transport in the tissues of the infested tree is disrupted, and the disease can manifest within as little as a few weeks. Signs include browning of the needles or yellowing of the leaves, and the tree may die within two to three months.
Cultivated pine forest in Vagamon, southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India Members of the family Pinaceae are trees (rarely shrubs ) growing from 2 to 100 metres (7 to 300 feet) tall, mostly evergreen (except the deciduous Larix and Pseudolarix ), resinous , monoecious , with subopposite or whorled branches, and spirally arranged, linear (needle ...
The disease is found on pine trees (Pinus spp.) with two or three needles, such as ponderosa pine, jack pine and scots pine. [2] It is very similar to pine-oak gall rust, but its second host is another Pinus species. The fungal infection results in gall formation on branches or trunks of infected hosts.
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It is found in “both hemispheres between the latitudes 30° and 50° north and south". [1] The diseases symptoms include: damping off and collar rot of seedlings, stem canker, root disease, and, most commonly, shoot blight. These symptoms have caused significant economic loss to nurseries and pine plantations.