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Esophageal carcinoma is globally the 7th most common cancer and 6th most common cause of cancer-related death as per NCCN version 3.2023. It tends to present with increasing dysphagia, initially to solids and progressing to liquids as the tumor increases in size, obstructing the lumen of the esophagus .
Diffuse esophageal spasm is an unusual cause of non-cardiac chest pain (2%) or dysphagia (4%). It occurs most commonly in patients over 50 years old but can occur at any age. Clinical presentation. Chest pain and dysphagia are the primary complaints, but severity and occurrence are highly variable.
Hiatus hernias (alternative plural: herniae) occur when there is herniation of abdominal contents through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.
Esophagitis refers to inflammation of the esophagus. Pathology. Esophagitis can arise from a range of causes which include: infective esophagitis. HIV esophagitis; CMV esophagitis; Herpes esophagitis; Ca ndida esophagitis; acute phlegmonous esophagitis; non-infective esophagitis. drug-induced esophagitis; reflux esophagitis; corrosive esophagitis
Achalasia (primary achalasia) is a failure of organized esophageal peristalsis that causes impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, resulting in food stasis and often marked dilatation of the esophagus.
The lower esophageal sphincter, a specialized region of the circular muscle of the distal esophagus, manifests itself radiographically as the phrenic ampulla (a.k.a. esophageal vestibule), a 2-4 cm long dilatation between the A-ring and B-ring 6.
The gastro-esophageal junction (GEJ) (also known as the esophagogastric junction) is the part of the gastrointestinal tract where the esophagus and stomach are joined.
Esophageal stricture | Radiology Reference Article - Radiopaedia.org