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Carboplatin, sold under the brand name Paraplatin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of forms of cancer. [3] This includes ovarian cancer , lung cancer , head and neck cancer , brain cancer , and neuroblastoma . [ 3 ]
A chemotherapy regimen is a regimen for chemotherapy, defining the drugs to be used, their dosage, the frequency and duration of treatments, and other considerations.In modern oncology, many regimens combine several chemotherapy drugs in combination chemotherapy.
Mechanism of action of taxanes. The principal mechanism of action of the taxane class of drugs is the disruption of microtubule function. Microtubules are essential to cell division, and taxanes stabilize GDP-bound tubulin in the microtubule, thereby inhibiting the process of cell division as depolymerization is prevented.
This mechanism leads to specific patterns of damage in DNA, which can kill cancer cells but can also increase the risk of secondary tumors developing. [6] Platinum-based antineoplastic agents are sometimes described as "alkylating-like" due to similar effects as alkylating antineoplastic agents, although they do not have an alkyl group. [7]
Pemetrexed is also recommended in combination with carboplatin and pembrolizumab for the first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. [12] [13] However, the relative efficacy or toxicity of pemetrexed-cisplatin versus pemetrexed-carboplatin has not been established beyond what is generally thought about cisplatin or carboplatin doublet drug therapy.
The mechanism of antineoplastic action for lobaplatin has not been studied in great detail. The results of current mechanistic studies suggest that lobaplatin is a DNA cross linking antineoplastic agent and has a similar platinum-induced cytotoxicity mechanism to other platin metallodrugs (i.e., cisplatin and oxaliplatin).
Cisplatin is administered intravenously as short-term infusion in normal saline for treatment of solid and haematological malignancies. It is used to treat various types of cancers, including sarcomas, some carcinomas (e.g., small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and ovarian cancer), lymphomas, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, [9] and germ cell tumors.
The mechanisms accounting for anthracycline-induced cardiac damage are complex and interrelated. It was first recognised to be related to the oxidative stress induced by anthracyclines. [ 29 ] A more recent explanation has emerged, in which anthracycline-mediated cardiotoxicity is due to anthracycline-topoisomerase IIb poisoning, leading to ...