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About ALLO-329 ALLO-329 is a CD19/CD70 dual AlloCAR T ™ investigational product being developed for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. ALLO-329 utilizes CRISPR-based site-specific integration for dual CAR expression. This approach targets both CD19+ B cells and CD70+ T cells, which play a role in autoimmune disease pathogenesis.
Axicabtagene ciloleucel, sold under the brand name Yescarta, is a medication used for the treatment for large B-cell lymphoma that has failed conventional treatment. [8] T cells are removed from a person with lymphoma and genetically engineered to produce a specific T-cell receptor.
CD19 activates the TCR signaling cascade that leads to proliferation, cytokine production, and ultimately lysis of the target cells, which in this case are CD19 + B cells. CAR-19 T cells are more effective than anti-CD19 immunotoxins because they can proliferate and remain in the body for a longer period of time.
Anti-CD19 (CD19 is crucial for B cell lineage, which is overexpressed on leukemic B-cells) is the most commonly used and effective CAR in ALL treatments. Many clinical studies have reported its efficacy with satisfying complete and partial remission rates (CR and PR). [ 8 ]
Axicabtagene ciloleucel (KTE-C19, ZUMA-3, YESCARTA) was an investigational therapy (for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)) in which a patient's T cells were genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor designed to target the antigen CD19, a protein expressed on the cell surface of B-cell lymphomas and leukemias. [11]
CARs targeting BCMA were initially reported by Robert Carpenter and James Kochenderfer et al. [35] [36] Anti-BCMA CAR T cells have now been tested in many clinical trials, and anti-BCMA CAR T-cell products have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. [37] [38] [39] CAR T cells have also been found to be effective in treating ...
In 2010 administration of lymphocytes genetically engineered to express a chimeric antibody receptor (CAR) against B cell antigen CD19 was shown to mediate regression of an advanced B cell lymphoma. [3] By 2010, doctors had begun experimental treatments for leukemia patients using CD19-targeted T cells with added DNA to stimulate cell division.
Maloney leads an early-phase clinical trial for patients with certain advanced, treatment-resistant CD19-positive B-cell cancers, in which patients' CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are genetically engineered to express a CD19-specific CAR. [14] Preliminary results point toward high rates of remission after CAR T-cell infusion. [15] [16]