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Psychological well-being can also be affected negatively, as is the case with a degrading and unrewarding work environment, unfulfilling obligations and unsatisfying relationships. Social interaction has a strong effect on well-being as negative social outcomes are more strongly related to well-being than are positive social outcomes. [9]
Also, in a newer meta-analysis (39 studies, 6,139 participants, 2012), the standardized mean difference was 0.34 higher for subjective well-being, 0.20 for psychological well-being and 0.23 for depression. Three to six months after the intervention, the effects for subjective well-being and psychological well-being were still significant, so ...
Carol Diane Ryff is an American academic and psychologist. She received her doctorate in 1978. [2] She is known for studying psychological well-being [3] [4] and psychological resilience. [5] Ryff is the Hilldale Professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where she directs the Institute on Aging. [6]
There is no accepted "gold standard" theory in positive psychology. The work of Seligman is regularly quoted, [52] as is the work of Csikszentmihalyi, and older models of well-being, such as Ryff's six-factor model of psychological well-being and Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being.
Well-being is the state that egoists seek for themselves and altruists aim to increase for others. [15] Many disciplines examine or are guided by considerations of well-being, including ethics, psychology, sociology, economics, education, public policy, law, and medicine. [16] The word well-being comes from the Italian term benessere. It ...
Carol Ryff (1989) was the first to develop a comprehensive scale that could assess euthymia: the six-factor model of psychological well-being. The 84-item scale includes facets of self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth. [2]
"Flourishing" as a psychological concept has been developed by Corey Keyes and Barbara Fredrickson. [2] Keyes collaborated with Carol Ryff in testing her Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, [51] and in 2002 published his theoretical considerations in an article on The Mental Health Continuum: From Languishing to Flourishing.
In addition to psychological benefits, self-acceptance may have physical benefits as well. [7] For example, the results of a 2008 study propose that older women with higher levels of environmental mastery, positive relations with others, and self-acceptance showed lower levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, which is a marker for glucose levels ...