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The use of chan'su and love stone (a related toad skin preparation used as an aphrodisiac in the West Indies) has resulted in several cases of poisoning and at least one death. [24] [28] The practice of orally ingesting toad poison has been referred to in popular culture and in the scientific literature as toad licking and has drawn media ...
Poisoning from toad toxin is rare but can kill. [7] It can occur when someone drinks toad soup, eats toad meat or toad eggs, or swallows live toads. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] It can also happen when someone deliberately takes commercial substances made with toad toxins. [ 8 ]
[5] [1] [4] [2] It is found in a wide variety of plant species, and is also secreted by the glands of at least one toad species, the Colorado River toad. [5] It may occur naturally in humans as well. [5] Like its close relatives dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and bufotenin (5-HO-DMT), it has been used as an entheogen in South America.
Bufagin is a toxic steroid C 24 H 34 O 5 [3] obtained from toad's milk, the poisonous secretion of a skin gland on the back of the neck of a large toad (Rhinella marina, synonym Bufo marinus, the cane toad). The toad produces this secretion when it is injured, scared or provoked.
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Parotoid glands are sometimes said to be wart-like in appearance, though warts are abnormal growths caused by viral infections while parotoid glands are normal, healthy parts of the animals that bear them. The vague similarity in appearance, however, is the reason behind the mistaken belief that touching a toad causes warts. [2]
Rhinella icterica possess specialized cells found among the glandular cells in mucous layer of the esophagus. In addition, the stomach of Rhinella icterica has four distinct layers that shows the same pattern as the esophagus. these specialized cells are called the oxynticopeptic cells and are responsible for the production of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen Its stomach is made up of a simple ...
An example of poison ingestion derives from the poison dart frog. They get a deadly chemical called lipophilic alkaloid from consuming a poisonous food in the rainforest . They are immune to the poison and they secrete it through their skin as a defense mechanism against predators.