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The four Sunni Imams founded the four madhhab (schools of thought) recognized in Sunni Islam.While they agree on the foundational principles of fiqh according to the Sunni narrative, their interpretations of certain legal and practical matters differ, which led to the development of the four distinct madhhab.
It also contains other valuable information such as the way the founder (Al-Shafi'i) worked out the differences in opinions of the companions. [1] It is known the founder of the Shafi'i school named Imam Al-Shafi'i authored the famous Kitab al-Umm. His student Al-Muzani abridged it and circulated as Mukhtasar al-Muzani.
In several jurisprudential and theological principles, the Shafi'i Sunni school of thought is much closer to the Mu'tazila and Twelve Imam Shiites than the other three Sunni schools. [20] In the Shafi'i religion, like Ahl al-Shi'a, they honor the Ahl al-Bayt of the Prophet of Islam and emphasize their infallibility.
Imdad al-Fatawa (Urdu: امداد الفتاوى), also known as Fatawa Ashrafia, is a collection of fatwas in the Hanafi fiqh compiled by Ashraf Ali Thanwi, a scholar from India who addressed new issues and challenges. [1]
Al-Wajiz fi Fiqh al-Imam al-Shafi'i (Arabic: الوجيز في فقه الإمام الشافعي) or The Condensed in Imam Shafi’i’s Jurisprudence is a concise summary of Shafi’i Fiqh and 'Ilm al-Khilaf [] (the science of juridical disagreement) written by Imam al-Ghazali the leading juristconsult of his time.
The major Sunni madhāhib are Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali. [1] They emerged in the ninth and tenth centuries CE and by the twelfth century almost all jurists aligned themselves with a particular madhab. [2] These four schools recognize each other's validity and they have interacted in legal debate over the centuries.
Ahl-i Hadith (Persian: اهل حدیث, Urdu: اہل حدیث: transl. People of the traditions of the Prophet) is a movement which emerged in the Indian subcontinent in the mid-19th century. Its followers call themselves Ahl al-Hadith and are considered to be a branch of the Salafiyya school.