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The Foxwhelp is classed as a "bittersharp" cider apple, containing high levels of tannin and malic acid. It has small to medium-sized fruit, usually ripening in September, with an uneven, ridged shape, and a deep crimson skin with yellow stripes. Its flesh is acidic and yellow with a red tinge, and its juice will produce a powerful, tannic cider.
Cider apples are a group of apple cultivars grown for their use in the production of cider (referred to as "hard cider" in the United States). Cider apples are distinguished from "cookers" and "eaters", or dessert apples, by their bitterness or dryness of flavour, qualities which make the fruit unpalatable but can be useful in cidermaking.
It is a late-flowering variety, classed as a "bittersweet" apple, with relatively high tannins and low levels of malic acid. It makes a medium-sized tree with a stiffly upright habit. The fruit are small and green, with patches of russeting, and a large patch of russeting at the calyx end, giving the variety its name.
Cider Making, painting by William Sidney Mount, 1840–1841, depicting a cider mill on Long Island. The history of cider in the United States is very closely tied to the history of apple growing in the country. Most of the 17th- and 18th-century emigrants to America from the British Isles drank hard cider and its variants.
However older growers in Somerset, according to Harold Taylor in The Apples of England, told a story that the Putt commemorated by the apple was a rector, Rev. Thomas Putt of Trent, a nephew of Thomas Putt of Combe. [6] It is possible that "Black Tom" Putt first developed the variety and subsequently gave a tree to his nephew. [2]
Ironbound Hard Cider worked with Tom Burford to bring the Harrison cider apple back to commercial scale in New Jersey. The cidery uses the Harrison to produce modern versions of three Colonial-era products (Newark Cider, Cider Royal, and pét-nat sparkling cider) on its 108-acre farm in Asbury, New Jersey , about 50 miles west of Newark.
The cider syrup not only provided a long shelf life to the apples, but also it brought higher incomes to farms, [1] saleable at three to five times the price of the apples. [ 7 ] As westward expansion grew and the number of farms decreased in New England, in the years after the Civil War, [ 5 ] the agricultural economy declined. [ 5 ]
Coxe and other authors mention its use for cider. [8] [5] Winesap was a popular apple in the United States until the 1950s. It stores well, and its decline in popularity has been attributed to the development and increased use of controlled atmosphere storage which allowed a wider variety of apples to be sold over the course of the year. [2]