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These are Grice's four maxims of conversation or Gricean maxims: quantity, quality, relation, and manner. They describe the rules followed by people in conversation. [ 2 ] Applying the Gricean maxims is a way to explain the link between utterances and what is understood from them.
Various modifications to Grice's maxims have been proposed by other linguists, the so-called neo-Griceans. [6] Laurence Horn's approach keeps the maxims of quality and replaces the other maxims with just two principles: The Q-principle: Make your contribution sufficient; say as much as you can (given the quality maxims and the R-principle).
Herbert Paul Grice (13 March 1913 – 28 August 1988), [1] usually publishing under the name H. P. Grice, H. Paul Grice, or Paul Grice, was a British philosopher of language who created the theory of implicature and the cooperative principle (with its namesake Gricean maxims), which became foundational concepts in the linguistic field of ...
The maxim of modesty is one of the six maxims proposed by Leech (1983) in his PP (politeness principle) meaning to minimize praise or to maximize dispraise of self. The modesty maxim states: "Minimize the expression of praise of self; maximize the expression of dispraise of self." For example:
Paul Grice (1989) came up with four maxims necessary in order to have a collegial conversation in which utterances are understood: Maxim of Quantity: provide the right amount of information needed for that conversation; Maxim of Quality: provide information that is true; Maxim of Relation: provide information that is relevant to the topic at hand
The collaborative model finds its roots in Grice's cooperative principle and four Gricean maxims, theories which prominently established the idea that conversation is a collaborative process between speaker and listener.
Information Manipulation Theory (abbreviated IMT) is a theory of deceptive discourse production, rooted in H. Paul Grice's theory of conversational implicature. [1] [2] IMT argues that, rather than communicators producing truths and lies, the vast majority of everyday deceptive discourse involves complicated combinations of elements that fall somewhere in between these polar opposites; with ...
Examples for the latter are loose language use (saying "I earn €2000 a month" when one really earns €1997.32), hyperbole, and metaphor. In other words, relevance theory views figurative language, just as literal language, as a description of an actual state of affairs (path (c) in the diagram), the only difference being the extent to which ...