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Streptavidin is widely used in Western blotting and immunoassays conjugated to some reporter molecule, such as horseradish peroxidase. Streptavidin has also been used in the developing field of Nanobiotechnology, the use of biological molecules such as proteins or lipids to create nanoscale devices/structures.
Streptavidin is a tetrameric protein expressed in Streptomyces avidinii. Because of Streptavidin's high affinity for vitamin H , Streptavidin is commonly used in the fields of molecular biology and biotechnology. The Strep-tag was originally selected from a genetic library to specifically bind to a proteolytically truncated "core" version of ...
The Streptavidin-Binding Peptide (SBP)-Tag is a 38-amino acid sequence that may be engineered into recombinant proteins. Recombinant proteins containing the SBP-Tag bind to streptavidin and this property may be utilized in specific purification, detection or immobilization strategies.
Deglycosylated, neutral forms of chicken avidin are available through Sigma-Aldrich (Extravidin), Thermo Scientific (NeutrAvidin), Invitrogen (NeutrAvidin), and e-Proteins (NeutraLite). Given the strength of the avidin-biotin bond, dissociation of the avidin-biotin complex requires extreme conditions that cause protein denaturation.
Horseradish peroxidase is a 44,173.9-dalton glycoprotein with six lysine residues which can be conjugated to a labeled molecule. It produces a coloured, fluorimetric [6] or luminescent derivative of the labeled molecule when incubated with a proper substrate, allowing it to be detected and quantified.
Biotin binds to streptavidin and avidin with an extremely high affinity, fast on-rate, and high specificity, and these interactions are exploited in many areas of biotechnology to isolate biotinylated molecules of interest. Biotin-binding to streptavidin and avidin is resistant to extremes of heat, pH and proteolysis, making capture of ...
3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine or TMB is a chromogenic substrate used in staining procedures in immunohistochemistry as well as being a visualising reagent used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (). [1]
In biochemical applications, streptavidin, which also binds very tightly to biotin, may be used interchangeably with NeutrAvidin. Avidin immobilized onto solid supports is also used as purification media to capture biotin-labelled protein or nucleic acid molecules.