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The Coptic Orthodox Church, an Oriental Orthodox church; The Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria, part of the wider Eastern Orthodox Church; The Coptic Catholic Church, one of 23 Eastern Catholic churches who are in full communion with the Catholic Church led by the bishop of Rome; Formerly the Latin Patriarchate of Alexandria also did so.
Peter was born and raised in Alexandria. The Coptic Orthodox Church believes that Peter was given by his parents to Theonas to be brought up as a priest, similarly to the story of Samuel in the Old Testament. He rose through the ranks of holy orders, first becoming a reader, then a deacon, then a priest. Highly educated, Peter became head of ...
In 969, Egypt came under the control of the Fatimids. This dynasty would begin to fade after the death of their last ruler in 1171. In 1174, Egypt came under the rule of the Ayyubids, who ruled from Damascus and not from Cairo. This dynasty fought against the Crusader States during the Fifth Crusade.
The vast majority of Egyptian Christians are Copts who belong to the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, an Oriental Orthodox Church. [2] [3] As of 2019, Copts in Egypt make up approximately 10 percent of the nation's population, [4] with an estimated population of 9.5 million (figure cited in the Wall Street Journal, 2017) [5] or 10 million (figure cited in the Associated Press, 2019). [6]
Christianity has been, historically, a Middle Eastern religion with its origin in Judaism. Eastern Christianity refers collectively to the Christian traditions and churches which developed in the Middle East, Egypt, Asia Minor, the Far East, Balkans, Eastern Europe, Northeastern Africa and southern India over several centuries of religious antiquity.
Peter's successor as patriarch, Achillas, failed in his short pontificate to resolve the growing crisis. [9] His successor, Alexander I, who came to power in 313, sought to heal the schism in the Egyptian church in order to better combat Arianism, since he regarded the Melitians' Christology as sound. [7]
During the reign of Arcadius (395-408), a number of churches were built in Old Cairo. [7] Interior of the Church of Saint Barbara, one of the oldest preserved churches in Cairo. When the Muslim Arabs conquered Egypt in the 7th century, they established a new city, Fustat, outside the walls of the Babylon Fortress. Fustat became the ...
Christianity in the Middle Ages covers the history of Christianity from the fall of the Western Roman Empire (c. 476). The end of the period is variously defined - depending on the context, events such as the conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman Empire in 1453, Christopher Columbus 's first voyage to the Americas in 1492, or the Protestant ...