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  2. Rust converter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rust_converter

    Rust converters are chemical solutions or primers that can be applied directly to an iron or iron alloy surface to convert iron oxides into a protective chemical barrier. These compounds interact with iron oxides, especially iron(III) oxide , converting them into an adherent black layer ( black oxide ) that is more resistant to moisture and ...

  3. You Can Use Vinegar and Baking Soda To Remove Rust - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/vinegar-baking-soda-remove...

    Here's her go-to method to remove rust from a small metal object or a small area of a metal object: How To Remove Rust From Metal. Wright's method requires scrubbing, but her homemade rust remover ...

  4. The Best Rust Removers Keep Tools and Gear Shining

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/best-rust-removers...

    Unlike most acid-based rust removers, POR-15–short for Paint Over Rust–not only melts away rust, but preps the metal underneath for paint by lightly etching the metal and leaving behind a zinc ...

  5. Rustproofing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rustproofing

    Petroleum-based rust-inhibitors provide several benefits, including the ability to creep over metal, covering missed areas. [citation needed] Additionally, a petroleum, solvent-free rust inhibitor remains on the metal surface, sealing it from rust-accelerating water and oxygen. Other benefits of petroleum-based rust protection include the self ...

  6. Bluing (steel) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluing_(steel)

    This method was adopted by larger firearm companies for large scale, more economical bluing. It does provide good rust resistance, which is improved with oil. "Rust bluing" and "fume bluing" provide the best rust and corrosion resistance as the process continually converts any metal that is capable of rusting into magnetite (Fe 3 O 4). Treating ...

  7. Pickling (metal) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickling_(metal)

    Pickling is a metal surface treatment used to remove impurities, such as stains, inorganic contaminants, and rust or scale from ferrous metals, copper, precious metals and aluminium alloys. [1] A solution called pickle liquor, which usually contains acid, is used to remove the surface impurities.

  8. Oxidative coupling of phenols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidative_coupling_of_phenols

    Vanadium tetrachloride is known to effect one-electron oxidations, which is invoked in this conversion. [2] Oxidative coupling of phenol by VCl 4. Coproducts including vanadium(III) and hydrogen chloride are not shown. Oxidative phenol couplings can occur through either inner sphere or outer sphere processes. In inner sphere processes, the ...

  9. Ammonolysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonolysis

    Ammonolysis can be used to synthesize nitrides (and oxynitrides) by reacting various metal precursors with ammonia, some options include chemical vapor deposition, [3] treating metals or metal oxides with ammonia gas, [15] or liquid supercritical ammonia (also known as "ammonothermal" synthesis, analogous to hydrothermal synthesis).