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  2. On the Sizes and Distances (Aristarchus) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Sizes_and_Distances...

    Radius of the Moon: s: Radius of the Sun: t: Radius of the Earth: D: Distance from the center of Earth to the vertex of Earth's shadow cone d: Radius of the Earth's shadow at the location of the Moon n: Ratio, d/ℓ (a directly observable quantity during a lunar eclipse) x: Ratio, S/L = s/ℓ (which is calculated from φ)

  3. League (unit) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_(unit)

    Légua of 20 to a degree (Maritime légua) = 5,555.56 metres; Légua of 25 to a degree = 4,444.44 metres; The names of the several léguas referred to the number of units that made the length corresponding to an angle degree of a meridian arc. For compatibility after Portugal adopted the metric system, the metric légua of 5.0 km was used.

  4. Geographical distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_distance

    = 6,371.009 kilometers = 3,958.761 statute miles = 3,440.069 nautical miles. = Distance between the two points, as measured along the surface of the Earth and in the same units as the value used for radius unless specified otherwise.

  5. Figure of the Earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Figure_of_the_Earth

    Regardless of the model, any radius falls between the polar minimum of about 6,357 km (3,950 mi) and the equatorial maximum of about 6,378 km (3,963 mi). The difference 21 km (13 mi) correspond to the polar radius being approximately 0.3% shorter than the equatorial radius.

  6. Unit of length - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_of_length

    American surveyors use a decimal-based system of measurement devised by Edmund Gunter in 1620. The base unit is Gunter's chain of 66 feet (20 m) which is subdivided into 4 rods, each of 16.5 ft or 100 links of 0.66 feet. A link is abbreviated "lk", and links "lks", in old deeds and land surveys done for the government.

  7. 20K run - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20K_run

    The 20K run (20 kilometres, or approximately 12.4 miles) is a long distance foot race.It is a rarely held race that is not recognized as an Olympic event. The event held IAAF world championship status in 2006 only, when the existing IAAF World Half Marathon Championships briefly hosted the shorter distance.

  8. Naismith's rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naismith's_rule

    So, for example, if a route is 20 kilometres (12 mi) with 1600 metres of climb (as is the case on leg 1 of the Bob Graham Round, Keswick to Threlkeld), the equivalent flat distance of this route is 20+(1.6×8)=32.8 kilometres (20.4 mi). Assuming an individual can maintain a speed on the flat of 5 km/h, the route will take 6 hours and 34 minutes.

  9. Orders of magnitude (length) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(length)

    Leonardo da Vinci drew the Vitruvian Man within a square of side 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) and a circle about 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) in radius. To help compare different orders of magnitude , this section lists lengths between one meter and ten meters.