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Wolfram syndrome, also called DIDMOAD (diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness), is a rare autosomal-recessive genetic disorder that causes childhood-onset diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness as well as various other possible disorders including neurodegeneration.
A teratoma with malignant transformation is a very rare form of teratoma that may contain elements of somatic malignant tumors such as leukemia, carcinoma, or sarcoma. [35] Of 641 children with pure teratoma, nine developed TMT: [47] five carcinoma, two glioma, and two embryonal carcinoma (here, these last are classified among germ cell tumors).
Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a condition characterized by large amounts of dilute urine and increased thirst. [1] The amount of urine produced can be nearly 20 liters per day. [ 1 ] Reduction of fluid has little effect on the concentration of the urine. [ 1 ]
A craniopharyngioma is a rare type of brain tumor derived from pituitary gland embryonic tissue [1] that occurs most commonly in children, but also affects adults. It may present at any age, even in the prenatal and neonatal periods, but peak incidence rates are childhood-onset at 5–14 years and adult-onset at 50–74 years. [2]
Neonatal diabetes is classified into three subtypes: permanent, transient, and syndromic; each with distinct genetic causes and symptoms. [5] Syndromic neonatal diabetes is the term for diabetes as just one component of any of several complex syndromes that affect neonates, including IPEX syndrome, Wolcott-Rallison syndrome, and Wolfram ...
A teratoma is a tumor of germ cell origin, containing tissues from more than one germ cell line, [2] [3] [4] It can be ovarian or testicular in its origin. [4] and are almost always benign. [5] An immature teratoma is thus a very rare tumor, representing 1% of all teratomas, 1% of all ovarian cancers, and 35.6% of malignant ovarian germ cell ...
Epignathus is a rare teratoma of the oropharynx. [1] Epignathus is a form of oropharyngeal teratoma that arises from the palate and, in most cases, results in death. The pathology is thought to be due to unorganized and uncontrolled differentiation of somatic cells leading to formation of the teratoma; sometimes it is also referred to as fetus in fetu, which is an extremely rare occurrence of ...
Diabetes insipidus a type of diabetes (excess urination) unrelated to diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus A disease that occurs when the body is not able to use dietary carbohydrates (e.g., sugar, starch, ...) as it should. Caused by lack of insulin, inability to respond to insulin, or both. Diabetic amyotrophy