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Mathematically a stock can be seen as an accumulation or integration of flows over time – with outflows subtracting from the stock. Stocks typically have a certain value at each moment of time – e.g. the number of population at a certain moment, or the quantity of water in a reservoir. A flow (or "rate") changes a stock over time. Usually ...
The consistency of the accounting is ensured by the use of three matrices: i) the aggregate balance sheets, with all the initial stocks, ii) the transaction flow, recording all the transactions taking places in the economy (e.g. consumption, interests payments); iii) the stock revaluation matrix, showing the changes in the stocks resulting from ...
Stock upgrades and downgrades are one factor investors often consider when evaluating a stock. But a firm’s buy or sell signal shouldn’t be the only thing driving your investment decisions.
Winton & Ralph state that retail trade index is a benchmark for the current economic level because its aggregate value counts up for two-thirds of the overall GDP and reflects the real state of the economy. [33] According to Stock and Watson, unemployment claim can predict when the business cycle is entering a downward phase. [34]
Stock prices can move around a lot. Reading about the price swings and the day’s news often makes the volatility seem reasonable and other times it just adds to the confusion.
In the short run, an economy-wide negative supply shock will shift the aggregate supply curve leftward, decreasing the output and increasing the price level. [1] For example, the imposition of an embargo on trade in oil would cause an adverse supply shock, since oil is a key factor of production for a wide variety of goods.
The Buffett indicator (or the Buffett metric, or the Market capitalization-to-GDP ratio) [1] is a valuation multiple used to assess how expensive or cheap the aggregate stock market is at a given point in time.
In macroeconomics, investment "consists of the additions to the nation's capital stock of buildings, equipment, software, and inventories during a year" [1] or, alternatively, investment spending — "spending on productive physical capital such as machinery and construction of buildings, and on changes to inventories — as part of total spending" on goods and services per year.