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‡ Second column of table indicates solubility at each given temperature in volume of CO 2 as it would be measured at 101.3 kPa and 0 °C per volume of water. The solubility is given for "pure water", i.e., water which contain only CO 2. This water is going to be acidic. For example, at 25 °C the pH of 3.9 is expected (see carbonic acid).
At a pressure of 1 atm (0.101325 MPa), the gas deposits directly to a solid at temperatures below 194.6855(30) K [2] (−78.4645(30) °C) and the solid sublimes directly to a gas above this temperature. In its solid state, carbon dioxide is commonly called dry ice. Pressure–temperature phase diagram of carbon dioxide. Note that it is a log ...
The characteristic melting point of metals and ionic solids is ~ 1000 °C and greater, while molecular solids typically melt closer to 300 °C (see table), thus many corresponding substances are either liquid (ice) or gaseous (oxygen) at room temperature.
The standard state of a material (pure substance, mixture or solution) is a reference point used to calculate its properties under different conditions.A degree sign (°) or a superscript Plimsoll symbol (⦵) is used to designate a thermodynamic quantity in the standard state, such as change in enthalpy (ΔH°), change in entropy (ΔS°), or change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG°).
The temperature at standard pressure should be equal to the normal boiling point, but due to the considerable spread does not necessarily have to match values reported elsewhere. log refers to log base 10 (T/K) refers to temperature in Kelvin (K) (P/Pa) refers to pressure in Pascal (Pa)
At ambient temperatures, pure carbonic acid is a stable gas. [6] There are two main methods to produce anhydrous carbonic acid: reaction of hydrogen chloride and potassium bicarbonate at 100 K in methanol and proton irradiation of pure solid carbon dioxide. [3] Chemically, it behaves as a diprotic Brønsted acid. [8] [9]
Data is expressed as temperature-dependent values for one mole of substance at the standard pressure of 101.325 kPa (1 atm), or 100 kPa (1 bar). Both of these definitions for the standard condition for pressure are in use.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.