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The basal surface of epithelial tissue rests on a basement membrane and the free/apical surface faces body fluid or outside. The basement membrane acts as a scaffolding on which epithelium can grow and regenerate after injuries. [16]
A brush border (striated border or brush border membrane) is the microvillus-covered surface of simple cuboidal and simple columnar epithelium found in different parts of the body. Microvilli are approximately 100 nanometers in diameter and their length varies from approximately 100 to 2,000 nanometers.
The nuclei are located closer along the basal side of the cell. [1] Absorptive columnar epithelium is characterized as having a striated border on its apical side, this border is made up of non-motile microvilli allowing for increase surface area for absorption. [1] These are known as non-ciliated columnar epithelium.
The brush border on the apical surface of the epithelial cells is covered with glycocalyx, which is composed of oligosaccharides attached to membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids. [7] TEM image of a thin section cut through an epithelial cell showing the luminal surface (apical end) of the cell packed with microvilli that make up the absorbing ...
Retrolateral refers to the surface of a leg that is closest to the posterior end of an arachnid's body. [75] Most spiders have eight eyes in four pairs. All the eyes are on the carapace of the prosoma , and their sizes, shapes and locations are characteristic of various spider families and other taxa . [ 76 ]
Apical membrane proteins are trafficked from the Golgi to the apical, rather than baso-lateral, membrane because apical determinants serve to identify the correct destination for vesicle delivery. A related mechanism is likely to operate for the baso-lateral membranes. The fourth principle is lipid modification.
Microvilli on the apical surface increase its surface area. This facilitates transport of numerous small molecules into the enterocyte from the intestinal lumen . These include broken down proteins , fats , and sugars , as well as water, electrolytes , vitamins , and bile salts .
The trunk of the body contains, from superior to inferior, the thoracic region encompassing the chest [1] the mammary region encompassing each breast; the sternal region encompassing the sternum; the abdominal region encompassing the stomach area; the umbilical region is located around the navel; the coxal region encompassing the lateral (side ...